ArticleMicrobiome2025
Adaptive modification of antiviral defense systems in microbial community under Cr-induced stress.
Article in Microbiome, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nested mobile genetic elements mediating antimicrobial resistance genes mobility within and betweeniScience · 2026Article
- Seasonal diet shifts alter the gut microbiome and resistome of captive geriatric giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca).BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Host breed and geography shape the antiviral defense landscape of the bovine rumen microbiome.ISME communications · 2026Article
- Prolonged grazing reduces the diversity and weakens virus-host links of metagenome-assembled viral community in acidic karst soil.BMC biology · 2025Article
- Microbiota dynamics in lionfish (Pterois): insights into invasion and establishment in the Mediterranean Sea.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundThe prokaryotic antiviral defense systems are crucial for mediating prokaryote-virus interactions that influence microbiome functioning and evolutionary dynamics. Despite the prevalence and significance of prokaryotic antiviral defense systems, their responses to abiotic stress and ecological consequences remain poorly understood in soil ecosystems. We established microcosm systems with varying concentrations of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) to investigate the adaptive modifications of prokaryotic antiviral defense systems under abiotic stress.
resultsUtilizing hybrid metagenomic assembly with long-read and short-read sequencing, we discovered that antiviral defense systems were more diverse and prevalent in heavily polluted soils, which was corroborated by meta-analyses of public datasets from various heavy metal-contaminated sites. As the Cr(VI) concentration increased, prokaryotes with defense systems favoring prokaryote-virus mutualism gradually supplanted those with defense systems incurring high adaptive costs. Additionally, as Cr(VI) concentrations increased, enriched antiviral defense systems exhibited synchronization with microbial heavy metal resistance genes. Furthermore, the proportion of antiviral defense systems carried by mobile genetic elements (MGEs), including plasmids and viruses, increased by approximately 43% and 39%, respectively, with rising Cr concentrations. This trend is conducive to strengthening the dissemination and sharing of defense resources within microbial communities.
conclusionsOverall, our study reveals the adaptive modification of prokaryotic antiviral defense systems in soil ecosystems under abiotic stress, as well as their positive contributions to establishing prokaryote-virus mutualism and the evolution of microbial heavy metal resistance. These findings advance our understanding of microbial adaptation in stressful environments and may inspire novel approaches for microbiome manipulation and bioremediation. Video Abstract.
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