Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39891011›Full record

ArticleNature microbiology2025

Carbohydrate-active enzymes from Akkermansia muciniphila break down mucin O-glycans to completion.

Cassie R Bakshani, Taiwo O Ojuri, Bo Pilgaard, Jesper Holck, Ross McInnes, Radoslaw P Kozak, Maria Zakhour, Sara Çakaj, Manon Kerouedan, Emily Newton and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

45 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Gut microbes · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Discovery of a secretedGut microbes · 2026
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Substrate Versatility of a Recombinant Bifidobacterial Endoglycosidase:International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of AsymmetricJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2026
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Cassie R BakshaniDepartment of Microbes, Infection and Microbiomes, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Taiwo O OjuriDepartment of Microbes, Infection and Microbiomes, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Bo PilgaardProtein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology Section, DTU Bioengineering, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
Jesper HolckProtein Chemistry and Enzyme Technology Section, DTU Bioengineering, Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8072-1101
Ross McInnesDepartment of Microbes, Infection and Microbiomes, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3223-6440
Radoslaw P KozakLudger Ltd, Abingdon, UK.
Maria ZakhourBiosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Sara ÇakajDepartment of Microbes, Infection and Microbiomes, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Manon KerouedanDepartment of Microbes, Infection and Microbiomes, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Emily NewtonDepartment of Microbes, Infection and Microbiomes, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
David N BolamBiosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Lucy I CrouchDepartment of Microbes, Infection and Microbiomes, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. l.i.crouch@bham.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1479-3534

Funding

Academy of Medical Sciences SBF0061175RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) BB/M029018/1Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust (Wellcome) 224240/Z/21/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Akkermansia muciniphila is a human microbial symbiont residing in the mucosal layer of the large intestine. Its main carbon source is the highly heterogeneous mucin glycoprotein, and it uses an array of carbohydrate-active enzymes and sulfatases to access this complex energy source. Here we describe the biochemical characterization of 54 glycoside hydrolases, 11 sulfatases and 1 polysaccharide lyase from A. muciniphila to provide a holistic understanding of their carbohydrate-degrading activities. This was achieved using a variety of liquid chromatography techniques, mass spectrometry, enzyme kinetics and thin-layer chromatography. These results are supported with A. muciniphila growth and whole-cell assays. We find that these enzymes can act synergistically to degrade the O-glycans on the mucin polypeptide to completion, down to the core N-acetylgalactosaime. In addition, these enzymes can break down human breast milk oligosaccharide, ganglioside and globoside glycan structures, showing their capacity to target a variety of host glycans. These data provide a resource to understand the full degradative capability of the gut microbiome member A. muciniphila.

Indexed as

Glycoside HydrolasesMucinsPolysaccharidesSulfatasesAkkermansiaBacterial ProteinsGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHumansMilk, HumanPolysaccharide-LyasesBacterial ProteinsGlycoside HydrolasesMucinsPolysaccharide-LyasesPolysaccharidesSulfatases

Identifiers

PMID39891011
PMCPMC11790493

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.