Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39888913›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Navigating vaccination in pregnancy: Qualitative study in 21 ethnically diverse pregnant women.

Mohammad S Razai, Michael Ussher, Lucy Goldsmith, Sally Hargreaves, Pippa Oakeshott

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Perceived barriers to accessing vaccination plans in pregnant women in Chile: a qualitative analysis.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Mohammad S RazaiPrimary Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-6671-5557
Michael UssherSt George's School of Health and Medical Sciences, Population Health Research Institute, City St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Lucy GoldsmithThe Health Foundation, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-6934-1925
Sally HargreavesSt George's School of Health and Medical Sciences, Population Health Research Institute, City St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Pippa OakeshottSt George's School of Health and Medical Sciences, Population Health Research Institute, City St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVaccination during pregnancy is crucial for safeguarding maternal and neonatal health, but vaccination rates remain suboptimal, especially in women from Black and Asian ethnic minorities. We explored the perspectives and decision-making processes of pregnant women regarding uptake of the three recommended vaccines in pregnancy: Influenza, Pertussis (whooping cough) and COVID-19. We also explored women's attitudes to taking part in vaccine trials during pregnancy and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to obtain information on vaccines.

methodsIn 2023, we conducted in-depth telephone interviews with ethnically diverse pregnant women in the Greater London area using convenience and snowball sampling. The interviews focused on participants' views on vaccination during pregnancy, participation in vaccine trials, information-seeking behaviours, and attitudes to emerging technologies for health information. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. The data collection and analysis were conducted alongside the iterative development of the topic guide and coding framework, with key themes emerging through collaborative team discussions.

resultsTwenty one pregnant women aged 20-39 were interviewed of whom 67% were from ethnic minorities and 29% were from migrant backgrounds. Half the participants (53%) reported hesitancy towards at least one of the vaccines. The analysis revealed several themes: concerns about vaccine safety, particularly regarding newer vaccines due to lack of long-term data; reliance on healthcare professionals for guidance, balanced with personal research; and a strong desire for clear and comprehensive information specifically tailored to pregnant women. Pregnant women reported insufficient information, explanation, or recommendation by midwives. Additionally, there was widespread refusal regarding participation in vaccine trials; and mixed responses to the use of AI (such as chatbots) for obtaining vaccine information.

conclusionsPregnant women's vaccination decisions are complex and require clear, unambiguous communication from healthcare providers, especially midwives, to address their specific concerns. Although information obtained via AI can be useful, responses were mixed.

Indexed as

Pregnant PeopleVaccinationAdultCOVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesDecision MakingEthnicityFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansInfluenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesLondonPregnancyQualitative ResearchWhooping CoughCOVID-19 VaccinesInfluenza Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID39888913
PMCPMC11785291

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.