Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39888884›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Serum lipids mediate the association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances exposure and age-related macular degeneration.

Xiaodong Chen, Jiaqi Li, Ningda Xu, Xuewei Li, Jiarui Li, Qianwen Guo, Jia Zhang, Heng Miao, Lvzhen Huang

Expression of concernAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It carries an expression of concern. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xiaodong ChenDepartment of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Jiaqi LiCollege of Marxism, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China.
Ningda XuDepartment of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Xuewei LiDepartment of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Jiarui LiDepartment of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Qianwen GuoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Jia ZhangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Heng MiaoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Lvzhen HuangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2366-5350

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aims to investigate the connection between serum lipids, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) risk and assess whether serum lipids mediate the association between PFAS and AMD.

methods1605 participants were enrolled from NHANES 2005-2008. Four serum PFAS levels with high detective rates, including perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) were examined. Restricted cubic spline analysis (RCS) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) analysis were employed to detect nonlinear and mixed exposure effects.

resultsPFOS level was associated with any AMD (OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.12 to 2.11; P = 0.011), early AMD (OR, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.95; P = 0.024), and late AMD (OR, 3.35; 95% CI, 1.55 to 7.23; P = 0.004) risk. PFHxS (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.01 to 2.93; P = 0.045) and PFOA (OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.21 to 3.63; P = 0.011) levels were associated with late AMD risk. The RCS showed a nonlinear connection between PFOS exposure and AMD risk (P nonlinear = 0.006). WQS analysis indicated a positive relationship between mixed PFAS exposure and AMD risk (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.75; P = 0.030). Serum total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were associated with AMD risk (ORTC, 1.005; 95% CI, 1.001 to 1.009; P = 0.026. ORHDL, 1.028; 95% CI, 1.014 to 1.042; P<0.001), and mediated the relationship of PFOS exposure and AMD risk, with mediation proportions of 5.73% (P = 0.020) and 7.27% (P = 0.032), respectively.

conclusionsPFOS exposure was connected with AMD risk and serum TC and HDL mediated this relationship.

Indexed as

Environmental ExposureFluorocarbonsLipidsMacular DegenerationAgedAlkanesulfonic AcidsCaprylatesFatty AcidsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysRisk FactorsSulfonic AcidsAlkanesulfonic AcidsCaprylatesFatty AcidsFluorocarbonsLipidsperfluorohexanesulfonic acidperfluoro-n-nonanoic acidperfluorooctane sulfonic acidperfluorooctanoic acidSulfonic Acids

Identifiers

PMID39888884
PMCPMC11785341

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.