Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39888373›Full record

ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2025

Assessing personal recovery in individuals with severe mental illness: validation of the Dutch Brief INSPIRE-O.

Wilma E Swildens, Ellen Visser, Welmoed van Ens, Barbara Schaefer, Annet Nugter, Philippe Delespaul, Jaap van Weeghel, Mike Slade, Sarita A Sanches

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Wilma E SwildensAltrecht MHC Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands. w.swildens@altrecht.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3910-8767
Ellen VisserRob Giel Research Center, University Center Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-5484
Welmoed van EnsAltrecht MHC Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-2068-0666
Barbara SchaeferParnassia Group Academy, Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-0608-8800
Annet NugterMental Health Organization Noord-Holland-Noord, Heerhugowaard, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6611-2772
Philippe DelespaulMondriaan Mental Health Centre, Heerlen, Maastricht, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7420-0898
Jaap van WeeghelTilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8537-6167
Mike SladeSchool of Health Sciences, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7020-3434
Sarita A SanchesAvans University of Applied Sciences, Breda, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6675-927X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeRecovery is a key objective in mental health services for people with severe mental illness (SMI). In addition to clinical and functional recovery, personal recovery has gained increasing attention. The CHIME Framework identifies five personal recovery processes-Connectedness, Hope, Identity, Meaning, Empowerment-and is the theoretical foundation for the Brief INSPIRE, a validated Patient-Rated Experience Measure (PREM) to evaluate recovery support. Brief INSPIRE was modified to a five-item Patient-Rated Outcome Measure (PROM) assessing recovery, called Brief INSPIRE-Outcome (Brief INSPIRE-O). Subject of this study are the psychometric properties of the Brief INSPIRE-O.

methodsData on validity and reliability gathered through annual routine outcome monitoring were collected for 861 individuals with SMI of Flexible Assertive Community Treatment teams and a follow-up measurement was available for 232 of these individuals. Test-retest reliability was evaluated in a separate subset of 30 individuals with SMI.

resultsThe Brief INSPIRE-O shows good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.77), test-retest reliability, construct validity, sensitivity to change and no floor or ceiling effects. Furthermore, change in Brief INSPIRE-O was positively related to changes in quality of life and negatively to problems in clinical functioning and unmet care need.

conclusionBrief INSPIRE-O can be used for research and monitoring to better understand and improve processes of personal recovery in individuals with SMI.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersPatient Reported Outcome MeasuresAdultCommunity Mental Health ServicesFemaleHumansMaleMental Health RecoveryMiddle AgedNetherlandsPsychometricsQuality of LifeReproducibility of ResultsSeverity of Illness IndexSurveys and QuestionnairesPatient-rated outcome measuresPersonal recoveryResearch instrumentsSevere Mental Illness

Identifiers

PMID39888373
PMCPMC12162795

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.