Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39887959›Full record

ReviewImmunity, inflammation and disease2025

A Perspective on Lung Cancer and Lung Microbiome: Insight on Immunity.

Reza Emadi, Sasan Saki, Parastoo Yousefi, Alireza Tabibzadeh

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Immunity, inflammation and disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Effect ofMicroorganisms · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Reza EmadiDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran.
Sasan SakiDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran.
Parastoo YousefiDepartment of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID 0000-0001-8284-903X
Alireza TabibzadehDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, Arak, Iran.ORCID 0000-0003-0070-2208

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough the carcinogenic potential of microbes has long been recognized, their significance may have been underestimated. Currently, the connection between microbiota and cancer is under extensive research. The lung microbiota may serve as a proxy for the state of lung health based on its crucial role in preserving lung hemostasis.

objectivesThis review tried to outline the state of our understanding of the contribution of lung microbiome and lung cancer.

methodsA literature search was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases for recent research focusing on the development and possible pathogenesis of lung microbiome and lung cancer.

resultsEarly research on lung cancer indicated that dysbiosis significantly impacted the development and spread of the tumor. As a result of these findings, the study of the lung microbiota as a possible therapeutic target and diagnostic marker has accelerated. Early-stage disease diagnostic biomarkers could be represented as microbiota profiles. Additionally, the microbiome is involved in anticancer therapy. There are limited studies on lung microbiota, and most microbiome studies commonly concentrate on the gut microbiota. A proper understanding of lung microbiota can have several potential therapeutic approaches. Therefore, more studies in this field may initiate remarkable advancements in microbiome-dependent treatment.

conclusionConvincing data from studies on both humans and animals indicates that the microbiota might play a role in cancer initiation, influenced by internal and environmental factors of the host. Notably, the lung harbors its microbiome, as do lung cancers. In general view, it seems microbiome diversity in lung cancer patients is reduced. Meanwhile, some genera were increased in lung cancer patients in comparison with a noncancerous population (such as Streptococcus genus), and some of them were decreased (Granulicatella adiacens, G. adiacens). Furthermore, research on the microbiome-carcinogenesis relationship is still in its infancy, and much remains to be fully understood.

Indexed as

LungLung NeoplasmsMicrobiotaAnimalsDysbiosisHumanscarcinogenesislung cancermicrobiomemicrobiota

Identifiers

PMID39887959
PMCPMC11783403

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.