ArticleJournal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition2025
Low TTG-IgA associated with isolated bulb pathology in pediatric celiac disease: Implications in a no-biopsy approach era.
Article in Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- High prevalence of ultra-short celiac disease in children with low anti-tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A levels: The risk of misdiagnosis without bulb biopsy.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2026Observational
- The frequency and characteristics of ultra-short celiac disease in children: A single-center experience.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Low TTG-IgA associated with isolated bulb pathology in pediatric celiac disease: Implications in a no-biopsy approach era.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2025Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesDuodenal involvement in celiac disease (CD) can be patchy, with a subset of patients demonstrating histopathological involvement limited to the bulb. This study evaluates whether bulb-restricted CD represents a distinct subgroup associated with lower titers of immunoglobulin A anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody (TTG-IgA) compared to distal duodenal CD in pediatric patients. Additionally, we assess the impact of a no-biopsy approach for pediatric CD with TTG-IgA ≥10 times the upper limit of normal (TTG-IgA ≥10× ULN) on the relative frequency of bulb-restricted CD among biopsied patients.
methodsIncident pediatric CD cases were identified retrospectively between 2017 and 2022. A no-biopsy approach for TTG-IgA ≥10× ULN was locally implemented in 2020. Serum TTG-IgA was categorized as negative, equivocal, positive TTG-IgA <10× ULN, and positive TTG-IgA≥ 10× ULN. Biopsies were classified by Marsh score and site of involvement.
resultsOf the 405 cases included (mean age = 9.6 years, female-to-male ratio = 2.1:1), bulb-restricted CD was present in 7.4%. TTG-IgA was negative or equivocal in 60.0% of bulb-restricted CD, compared to 5.3% of distal duodenal CD (odds ratio [OR] = 26.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [11.1-63.3], p < 0.001). Notably, no bulb-restricted CD cases attained TTG-IgA ≥10× ULN, compared to 48.5% of distal duodenal CD. Following local implementation of the no-biopsy approach for TTG-IgA ≥10× ULN, the relative percentage of bulb-restricted CD significantly increased from 4.6% to 12.4% (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = [1.4-6.4], p = 0.004).
conclusionPediatric CD with isolated bulb pathology presents with lower serum TTG-IgA titers than cases with distal duodenal involvement. Implementation of the no-biopsy approach increased the relative proportion of bulb-limited CD, as these cases were not associated with TTG-IgA ≥10× ULN.
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