SynthesisJournal of the National Cancer Institute2025
Frailty and outcomes in adults undergoing systemic anticancer treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The prognostic role of Geriatric 8 in patients with cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review.The oncologist · 2025Pooled it
- Multiple electrolyte imbalances in hospitalized patients: a multimorbidity perspective from a large, retrospective cohort study.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Geriatric Population: Toward a Frailty-Adapted Therapeutic Paradigm.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Does Dialysis Type Matter? Re-Evaluating Prognosis in UTUC Patients Following Surgery.Cancers · 2026Article
- Potentially Low-Value Medical Interventions in Frail Older Adults Near the End of Life: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Depressive Symptoms Are the Dominant Independent Correlate of Patient-Reported Cognitive Function in Older Women with Locally Advanced Breast Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Geriatric Assessment Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Geriatric Assessment in Patients Aged 70 Years and Older Considered for CAR T-Cell Therapy: A Retrospective Study.Cancers · 2026Article
- Immune-inflammatory and nutritional status mediate the association between age and survival in older patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Prediagnosis frailty and survival after cancer in middle-aged and older adults: a population-based cohort study.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2026Article
- Forecasting Trends in Androgen Deprivation Therapy Intensification for Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: A Retrospective Population-Based Cohort and Time-Series Analysis.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Older Adults, Anti-Amyloid Therapy, and Frailty: What Oncology Can Teach Us.European journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Longitudinal Associations Between Biomarkers and Frailty in Older Adults: Protocol for a Scoping Review.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Chemotherapy for Older Adults with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Tumor burden and frailty: No association in liver transplantation candidates with hepatocellular carcinoma.Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society · 2026Article
- Trends and disparities in neoplasm-related mortality with death-certificate-documented protein-energy malnutrition in the United States, 1999-2024: a CDC WONDER multiple cause of death study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Decoding the tumor-aging axis: from bench to clinical.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The dynamic nature of frailty in metastatic spine disease patients.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- The concept of multidimensional frailty in geriatric oncology: a systematic scoping review.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIt is increasingly recognized that frailty should be assessed and considered in treatment decision making in patients with cancer. This review and meta-analysis synthesizes existing evidence evaluating the association between baseline frailty and systemic anticancer treatment outcomes in adults with cancer.
methodsFive databases were systematically searched from database inception to January 2023 to identify prognostic factor studies (cohort or case-control design) reporting the associations between validated frailty assessments (pretreatment) and follow-up outcomes in adults with solid-organ malignancy undergoing systemic anticancer treatment. Risk of bias was assessed via Quality of Prognosis Studies in Systematic Reviews tool. Where appropriate, associations between frailty and outcomes (survival, toxicity, treatment tolerance, functional decline/quality of life, and hospitalization) were synthesized in meta-analysis and presented as forest plots.
resultsA total of 58 studies met inclusion criteria. They were undertaken in a range of tumor sites and mainly in older patients and advanced and/or palliative disease settings. Most had low or moderate risk of bias. Nine frailty assessment tools were evaluated. Four outcomes were synthesized in meta-analysis, which demonstrated the prognostic value of 2 tools: Geriatric-8 (survival, treatment tolerance, hospitalization) and Vulnerable Elders Survey-13 (survival, toxicity, treatment tolerance). Overall pooled estimates indicate that frailty conveys an increased risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.41 to 2.00), toxicity (odds ratio [OR] 1.83, 95% CI = 1.24 to 2.68), treatment intolerance (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.32 to 2.12), and hospitalization (OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.32 to 2.83).
conclusionSimple, brief frailty assessments including Geriatric-8 and Vulnerable Elders Survey-13 are prognostic for a range of important outcomes in patients undergoing systemic anticancer treatment. Risk estimates should be used to support shared decision making.
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