ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2025
Interim estimates of vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) during a delayed influenza season, Canada, 2024/25.
Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Emergence of a genetically distinct cluster of influenza A(H3N2) viruses within subclade J.2.2 associated with hospitalization during the 2024-2025 season in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France.Microbial genomics · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccines and Duration of Protection Against Hospitalisation During the 2024/25 Season in Northern Ireland, UK.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations and Emergency Department or Urgent Care Encounters Among Children and Adults-VISION, United States, 2024-2025 Season.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine against dominant A(H1N1)pdm09 in adults ≥ 60 years: a multicenter test-negative design in Zhejiang, China, 2024-2025.BMC geriatrics · 2026Observational
- Influenza Vaccine and Associated Infection and Death in California, 2024 to 2025.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccines in Italy in the 2024/2025 Season: A Nationwide, Test-Negative Design Study Based on Surveillance Records.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Review
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza-associated hospitalizations and emergency department or urgent care encounters among children and adults - United States, 2024-25 season.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness and genetic diversity: insights from end-of-season community surveillance, France, 2024-2025.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Early influenza virus characterisation and vaccine effectiveness in England in autumn 2025, a period dominated by influenza A(H3N2) subclade K.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Article
- Genetic characteristics analysis of influenza A(H1N1) virus in Jiaxing, China, in the postepidemic era.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Interim Estimates of 2024-2025 Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Germany-Data From Primary Care and Hospital Sentinel Surveillance.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Enhanced influenza vaccines impact effectiveness in individuals aged 65 years and older, Denmark, 2024/25 influenza season up to 4 March 2025.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Interim Estimates of 2024-2025 Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness - Four Vaccine Effectiveness Networks, United States, October 2024-February 2025.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2025Article
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness against detected infection in the community, France, October 2024 to February 2025.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Interim 2024/25 influenza vaccine effectiveness: eight European studies, September 2024 to January 2025.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Early vaccine effectiveness estimates against medically attended laboratory-confirmed influenza based on influenza surveillance, Beijing, China, 2024/25 season.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network (SPSN) reports interim 2024/25 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against acute respiratory illness due to laboratory-confirmed influenza during a delayed season of predominant A(H1N1)pdm09 and lower A(H3N2) co-circulation. Through mid-January, the risk of outpatient illness due to influenza A is reduced by about half among vaccinated vs unvaccinated individuals. Adjusted VE is 53% (95% CI: 36-65) against A(H1N1)pdm09, comprised of clades 5a.2a and 5a.2a.1, and 54% (95% CI: 29-70) against A(H3N2), virtually all clade 2a.3a.1.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.