Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39885582›Full record

ArticleBMC research notes2025

Factors influencing healthcare workers' perceived compliance with infection prevention and control standards, North Bank East region, The Gambia, a cross-sectional study.

Sheriffo M K Darboe, Sandra A Darfour-Oduro, Godsway Edem Kpene, Abou Kebbeh, Nuha Fofana, Manjally Ndow, Kawsu Sanyang, Dwomoh Duah, Alfred Edwin Yawson, Ernest Kenu and 1 more

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Article in BMC research notes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Sheriffo M K DarboeField Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Sandra A Darfour-OduroDepartment of Public Health Studies, Elon University, Elon, NC, USA.
Godsway Edem KpeneDepartment of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. kpene96@gmail.com.
Abou KebbehField Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Nuha FofanaField Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Manjally NdowDepartment of Public and Environmental Health, School of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of The Gambia, Brikama, The Gambia.
Kawsu SanyangField Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Dwomoh DuahDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Alfred Edwin YawsonDepartment of Community Health, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.
Ernest KenuField Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Harriet Affran BonfulDepartment of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study evaluated Health Care Workers' (HCWs) knowledge, attitude, perceived compliance, and potential influencing factors related to Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) standards in the North Bank East region of The Gambia.

methodThe study was an analytic cross-sectional study, conducted in 2021 using a multistage sampling technique. Thirteen health facilities were sampled from the North Bank East Region of The Gambia. The sample size was calculated using the Cochrane formula, based on a healthcare worker population of 408, with a 95% confidence interval. Adjustments were made for a 10% non-response rate and a compliance level of 50%. A final sample size of 218 was used for the study. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, and logistic regression were done at a 95% confidence limit and an alpha level of 0.05. A p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

resultsAmong the 218 healthcare workers, the majority demonstrated adequate knowledge (86.24%) and a positive attitude (78.4%) toward Infection Prevention and Control (IPC). About half (50.5%) of the HCWs did not comply with IPC standards. Good attitude of HCWs [aOR = 3.13, 95%CI: 1.17-8.41, p-value = 0.023], accessibility of Personal Protective Equipment [aOR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.01-5.38; p-value = 0.046], and monitoring of IPC practice [aOR = 3.95, 95%CI: 1.84-8.45; p-value = < 0.001] were independently associated with HCWs perceived compliance with IPC standards.

conclusionAlthough 188 (86.24%) HCWs displayed adequate knowledge of IPC standards, perceived compliance remains insufficient in Gambian healthcare facilities. To address this, the Ministry of Health should prioritize educational campaigns, and regular training to reinforce HCW knowledge, ensure Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) accessibility, and implement ongoing IPC practice monitoring among healthcare workers.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelGuideline AdherenceHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealth PersonnelInfection ControlAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGambiaHumansMaleMiddle AgedPersonal Protective EquipmentSurveys and QuestionnairesComplianceHealthcare-associated infectionHealthcare workerInfection prevention and control standardsKnowledgeThe Gambia

Identifiers

PMID39885582
PMCPMC11780765

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.