ArticleAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2025
Changing dynamics of bloodstream infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in Germany, 2017-2023: a continued burden of disease approach.
Article in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- The global epidemiology of MRSA.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Review
- Article
- Global burden of antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus aureus lower respiratory tract infections in older adults: a secondary analysis of the MICROBE database (1990-2021).BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- [Development of the epidemiology of antibiotic-resistant pathogens in human medicine and their significance for the health system in Germany].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2026Review
- Genomic epidemiology ofJournal of clinical microbiology · 2026Observational
- Characterization ofVeterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Characterization and diversity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in two hospitals in Gabon.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Constructing an early warning model for elderly sepsis patients based on machine learning.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAntimicrobial resistance is a global threat to public health, with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) being major contributors. Despite their clinical impact, comprehensive assessments of changes of the burden of bloodstream infections in terms of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and attributable deaths over time are lacking, particularly in Germany.
methodsWe used data from the Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance system, which covered about 30% of German hospitals. Bloodstream infections were defined by a VREfm or MRSA-positive blood culture. We estimated incidences as a first step to further use these rates to calculate DALYs and attributable deaths using the Burden of Communicable Disease in Europe toolkit. The analysis included stratification by age, sex and region.
resultsFrom 2017 to 2023, 6262 MRSA and 5442 VREfm blood culture-positive isolates were identified. The incidence of MRSA bloodstream infections decreased from 4.0 to 2.1 per 100,000 population, with estimated DALYs decreasing from 14.6 to 8.6 per 100,000 and attributable deaths from 591 to 316. Conversely, VREfm-BSI incidence doubled from 1.7 to a peak of 3.0 (2021) before declining back to 1.7 per 100,000 in 2023, with estimated DALYs increasing from 8.9 to 16.5 and then decreasing to 8.5 per 100,000 and attributable deaths increasing from 317 to 327. Men and people over 60 years had the highest burden, with noticeable regional differences.
conclusionMRSA and VREfm bloodstream infections followed different trends in the past and now present a comparable burden in Germany. Both pathogens pose a significant threat, particularly to hospitalised older aged men. Our findings highlight the need for targeted prevention and continued surveillance of MRSA and VREfm to reduce infections and their impact.
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