Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39884541›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental research2025

Impact of an urban city-wide Bradford clean air plan on health service use and nitrogen dioxide 24 months after implementation: An interrupted time series analysis.

Teumzghi F Mebrahtu, Gillian Santorelli, Tiffany C Yang, James E Tate, Sally Jones, John Wright, Rosemary R C McEachan, BiB Breathes Co-applicant Group

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Teumzghi F MebrahtuBradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK.
Gillian SantorelliBradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK.
Tiffany C YangBradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK; Population Health Improvement UK (PHI-UK), UK.
James E TateInstitute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
Sally JonesCity of Bradford Metropolitan District Council, Britannia House, Hall Ings, Bradford, BD1 1HX, UK.
John WrightBradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK; Population Health Improvement UK (PHI-UK), UK.
Rosemary R C McEachanBradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, BD9 6RJ, UK; Population Health Improvement UK (PHI-UK), UK.
BiB Breathes Co-applicant Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is limited evidence of the health impact of Low Emission Zones (also known as Clean Air Zones, CAZ). This study examines the impact of the Bradford Clean Air Plan (CAP), including a CAZ, on health and nitrogen dioxide (NO

Indexed as

Air PollutantsAir PollutionNitrogen DioxideCardiovascular DiseasesCitiesEmergency Service, HospitalHumansInterrupted Time Series AnalysisAir PollutantsNitrogen DioxideCardiovascular healthClean air zoneInterrupted time seriesLow emission zoneNitrogen dioxideRespiratory healthUrban

Identifiers

PMID39884541
PMCPMC11919047

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.