ReviewAdvanced biotechnology2025
Pathogenesis of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection at the extremes of age: decipher the ominous tales of immune vulnerability.
Review in Advanced biotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comprehensive profiling of humoral immune responses to pan-respiratory pathogens: Insights from diverse cohorts.iScience · 2026Article
- Clinical and genomic characterization of Influenza A co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza B: a respiratory surveillance study in Assam, India.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Review
- Human Influenza Virus Infection: A Focus on Key Host Determinants Linked to Clinical Disease Severity.Viruses · 2026Review
- The effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions on influenza throughout the COVID-19 pandemic: an 8-year interrupted time series study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Local and systemic host responses to influenza and concurrent or sequential SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Post-COVID-19 Seasonality of Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and SARS-CoV-2 Among Hospitalized Children in Western Iran: A Molecular Surveillance Study (2023-2024).Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Article
- The order of infection shapes disease outcomes in influenza and herpes simplex virus coinfection by modulating immune responses.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Review
- Exploration of the impact of air pollutants on the influenza epidemic after the emergence of COVID-19: based on Jiangsu Province, China (2020-2024).Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The co-circulation of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 has led to co-infection events, primarily affecting children and older adults, who are at higher risk for severe disease. Although co-infection prevalence is relatively low, it is associated with worse outcomes compared to mono-infections. Previous studies have shown that the outcomes of co-infection depend on multiple factors, including viral interference, virus-host interaction and host response. Children and the elderly exhibit distinct patterns of antiviral response, which involve airway epithelium, mucociliary clearance, innate and adaptive immune cells, and inflammatory mediators. This review explores the pathogeneses of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza co-infection, focusing on the antiviral responses in children and the elderly. By comparing immature immunity in children and immune senescence in older adults, we aim to provide insights for the clinical management of severe co-infection cases.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.