Efficiency of Real-time Computer-aided Polyp Detection during Surveillance Colonoscopy: A Pilot Study.

Objectives: Studies have suggested that computer-aided polyp detection using artificial intelligence improves adenoma identification during colonoscopy. However, its real-world effectiveness remains unclear. Therefore, this study evaluated the usefulness of computer-aided detection during regular surveillance colonoscopy. Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent surveillance colonoscopy with computer-aided detection between January and March 2023 and had undergone colonoscopy at least twice during the past 3 years were recruited. The clinicopathological findings of lesions identified using computer-aided detection were evaluated. The detection ability was sub-analyzed based on the expertise of the endoscopist and the presence of diminutive adenomas (size ≤5 mm). Results: A total of 78 patients were included. Computer-aided detection identified 46 adenomas in 28 patients; however, no carcinomas were identified. The mean withdrawal time was 824 ± 353 s, and the mean tumor diameter was 3.3 mm (range, 2-8 mm). The most common gross type was 0-Is (70%), followed by 0-Isp (17%) and 0-IIa (13%). The most common tumor locations were the ascending colon and sigmoid colon (28%), followed by the transverse colon (26%), cecum (7%), descending colon (7%), and rectum (4%). Overall, 34.1% and 38.2% of patients with untreated diminutive adenomas and those with no adenomas, respectively, had newly detected adenomas. Endoscopist expertise did not affect the results. Conclusions: Computer-aided detection may help identify adenomas during surveillance colonoscopy for patients with untreated diminutive adenomas and those with a history of endoscopic resection.