ArticlePublic health nutrition2025
Factors associated with caregiver responsive and non-responsive feeding styles in Clark County, Nevada.
Article in Public health nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveEarly childhood obesity (ECO) significantly increased in the USA. ECO interventions lack focus on the prevention of ECO for infants under 2. Caregiver's feeding styles (CFS) have been shown to affect ECO development, but studies on CFS are limited. This study examined socio-ecological factors associated with CFS for infants under 2 in Nevada.
designThis cross-sectional study utilising a survey examined the five CFS constructs: responsive (RP), non-responsive (NRP) Laissez-Faire, NRP pressuring, NRP restrictive and NRP indulgent. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression following a hierarchical modelling approach were used to determine the associations between the CFS constructs and socio-ecological factors (e.g. household, maternal mental health and infant feeding).
settingClark County, Nevada.
participants304 caregivers with infants under 2.
resultsNRP-feeding styles were associated with low-income households (e.g. NRP restrictive (adjusted OR (AOR) = 2·60, 95 % CI (1·01, 6·71))), water insecurity (e.g. NRP pressuring (AOR = 2·46, 95 % CI (1·00, 6·06)), young mothers (e.g. NRP-Laissez-Faire (AOR = 2·39, 95 % CI (1·00, 5·84))), lower maternal education (e.g. RP (AOR = 0·58, 95 % CI (0·33, 1·00))), mild risk for depression (e.g. NRP restrictive (AOR = 0·50, 95 % CI (0·28, 0·90))) and a moderate to severe risk for anxiety (e.g. NRP pressuring (AOR = 0·32, 95 % CI (0·14, 0·74))). There were no associations between infant-feeding factors and RP feeding.
conclusionOur study identified socio-ecological factors associated with dissimilarities in CFS in Nevada. These findings can be used to tailor educational approaches to address disparities in ECO.
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