ArticleBMC public health2025
Trends in incidence, prevalence, and mortality of non-communicable diseases in Iraq (2003-2021).
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Physiological interplay among obesity, male fertility, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor in human and mice: A mini review.Open veterinary journal · 2026Review
- Effect of TR Band™ radial artery compression device-screw and air types on bleeding severity after radial arterial line removal in open-heart surgery: A randomized controlled clinical trial.Journal of education and health promotion · 2026Article
- Nuclear Medicine in IRAQ: From a Pioneering Past to Future Progress.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Review
- Exploring health needs and the double burden of disease in adults attending public health facilities in the Iraqi Kurdistan.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become a major public health concern in Iraq, playing a significant role in the country's morbidity and mortality rates. To offer a thorough overview of the patterns and the overall impact of NCDs on public health, this study aims to map the trends in the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of NCDs in Iraq between 2003 and 2021.
methodsData from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021 were utilized. The focus was on Iraq from 2003 to 2021, a period marked by significant social and political changes. Using the GBD results tool, age-standardized prevalence, incidence, and mortality rates (ASPR, ASIR, ASMR) for 12 major NCDs were extracted and expressed per 100,000 population. Descriptive statistics with 95% uncertainty intervals were calculated, and trends were analyzed.
resultsThe analysis revealed a nuanced trajectory of NCDs in Iraq between 2003 and 2021. The ASPR of all NCDs increased slightly (change %: 0.1, 95% UI: -2.2 to 2.4), with a notable decline in chronic respiratory diseases (change %: -14.4, 95% UI: (-30.9 to 6.1) and a significant rise in neoplasms (change %: 32.7, 95% UI: -5.9 to 81.3). The ASIR of diabetes and kidney diseases showed the largest increase (change %: 42.9, 95% UI: 28.4 to 59.3), while chronic respiratory diseases had the greatest decline (change %: -12.1, 95% UI: -36.8 to 22.5). Cardiovascular diseases remained the leading cause of mortality in both sexes, with ASMRs increasing slightly for males and decreasing for females over the period. Skin and subcutaneous diseases showed the highest increase in ASMR (change %: 48.2), while digestive diseases experienced the largest decline (change %: -21.4).
conclusionThe GBD 2021 study highlights progress in reducing NCD mortality in Iraq, especially among younger people. However, older males still face high death rates from cardiovascular diseases. Rising cases of cancer, diabetes, and kidney diseases signal the need for targeted interventions. Continued focus on risk factors and healthcare access is essential.
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