Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39880955›Full record

ArticleNature2025

SARS-CoV-2 evolution on a dynamic immune landscape.

N Alexia Raharinirina, Nils Gubela, Daniela Börnigen, Maureen Rebecca Smith, Djin-Ye Oh, Matthias Budt, Christin Mache, Claudia Schillings, Stephan Fuchs, Ralf Dürrwald and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  15. Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Integrated framework to study genomic surveillance of selective sweeps in multivariants dynamics.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

N Alexia Raharinirina *Department of Mathematics & Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-1253-8927
Nils Gubela *Department of Mathematics & Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0009-0003-1391-3343
Daniela Börnigen *Project Groups, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Maureen Rebecca Smith *Project Groups, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Djin-Ye OhDepartment 1, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0541-6155
Matthias BudtDepartment 1, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-5960-515X
Christin MacheDepartment 1, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Claudia SchillingsDepartment of Mathematics & Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Stephan FuchsDepartment MFI, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Ralf DürrwaldDepartment 1, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3432-0438
Thorsten WolffDepartment 1, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7688-236X
Martin HölzerDepartment MFI, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Sofia ParaskevopoulouDepartment MFI, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2608-2596
Max von KleistDepartment of Mathematics & Computer Science, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany. max.kleist@fu-berlin.de.ORCID 0000-0001-6587-6394

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Since the onset of the pandemic, many SARS-CoV-2 variants have emerged, exhibiting substantial evolution in the virus' spike protein

Indexed as

COVID-19Evolution, MolecularSARS-CoV-2Antibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralHumansImmune EvasionMutationPandemicsSpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID39880955
PMCPMC11882442

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.