Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39880924›Full record

ArticleNature genetics2025

Synchronized long-read genome, methylome, epigenome and transcriptome profiling resolve a Mendelian condition.

Mitchell R Vollger, Jonas Korlach, Kiara C Eldred, Elliott Swanson, Jason G Underwood, Stephanie C Bohaczuk, Yizi Mao, Yong-Han H Cheng, Jane Ranchalis, Elizabeth E Blue and 29 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature genetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  15. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

39 authors.

Mitchell R VollgerUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8651-1615
Jonas KorlachPacBio, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
Kiara C EldredUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Biological Structure, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4067-8639
Elliott SwansonUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0351-6446
Jason G UnderwoodPacBio, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
Stephanie C BohaczukUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA.
Yizi MaoUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Yong-Han H ChengUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7686-0697
Jane RanchalisUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Elizabeth E BlueUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0633-0305
Ulrike SchwarzeUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Seattle, WA, USA.
Katherine M MunsonUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8413-6498
Christopher T SaundersPacBio, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
Aaron M WengerPacBio, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
Aimee AllworthUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Sirisak ChanprasertUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Brittney L DuerdenMary Bridge/MultiCare, Tacoma, WA, USA.
Ian GlassBrotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Martha Horike-PyneUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Michelle KimPacBio, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
Kathleen A LeppigGenetic Services, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Ian J McLaughlinPacBio, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
Jessica OgawaCase Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-9185-6490
Elisabeth A RosenthalUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6042-4487
Sam SheppeardUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Stephanie M ShermanUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-8018-138X
Samuel StrohbehnUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Amy L YuenGenetic Services, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3143-9940
Andrew W StaceyUniversity of Washington Department of Ophthalmology, Seattle, WA, USA.
University of Washington Center for Rare Disease Research
Undiagnosed Diseases Network
Thomas A RehUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Biological Structure, Seattle, WA, USA.
Peter H ByersUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Michael J BamshadBrotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Fuki M HisamaUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Gail P JarvikUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA.
Yasemin SancakUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Pharmacology, Seattle, WA, USA.
Katrina M DippleBrotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Andrew B StergachisUniversity of Washington School of Medicine Department of Genome Sciences, Seattle, WA, USA. absterga@uw.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1299-3674

Funding

Coordinating Center for the Undiagnosed Diseases NetworkU01HG007530 · NHGRI · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI KOHANE, ISAAC S. · 2014 to 2022
$30.2M
University of Washington Mendelian Genomics Research Center (UW-MGRC)U01HG011744 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI MICHAEL Joseph BAMSHAD, Evan Eichler · 2021 to 2026
$15.8M
University of Washington (UW) Mendelian Genomics Data Coordinating CenterU24HG011746 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Susanne May, ALI SHOJAIE · 2021 to 2026
$14.8M
Clinical Sequencing Core Facility for the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN)U01HG007942 · NHGRI · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI ENG, CHRISTINE · 2014 to 2021
$10.2M
Medical Genetics Training GrantT32GM007454 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Gail Pairitz Jarvik, Andrew Ben Stergachis · 1985 to 2026
$6.9M
Pacific Northwest Undiagnosed Diseases Network Clinical SiteU01HG010233 · NHGRI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI DIPPLE, KATRINA M, JARVIK, GAIL PAIRITZ · 2018 to 2022
$5.4M
Pacific Northwest Undiagnosed Diseases Network Clinical SiteU01NS134355 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI ELIZABETH ELOYCE BLUE, Katrina M Dipple · 2023 to 2026
$3.0M
Investigating the contribution of non-coding genetic variation to rare disordersDP5OD029630 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI STERGACHIS, ANDREW BEN · 2020 to 2024
$1.9M
The regulatory landscape of segmentally duplicated genes: Implications for human evolution and diseaseK99GM155552 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI VOLLGER, MITCHELL R. · 2024 to 2025
$160k
Burroughs Wellcome Fund (BWF) Career Award for Medical ScientistsNHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG007530NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG007942NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG010233NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG011744NHGRI NIH HHS U24 HG011746NIGMS NIH HHS K99 GM155552NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007454NIH HHS DP5 OD029630NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS134355U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) 1DP5OD029630U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) 1U01HG010233U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) HG006493
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Resolving the molecular basis of a Mendelian condition remains challenging owing to the diverse mechanisms by which genetic variants cause disease. To address this, we developed a synchronized long-read genome, methylome, epigenome and transcriptome sequencing approach, which enables accurate single-nucleotide, insertion-deletion and structural variant calling and diploid de novo genome assembly. This permits the simultaneous elucidation of haplotype-resolved CpG methylation, chromatin accessibility and full-length transcript information in a single long-read sequencing run. Application of this approach to an Undiagnosed Diseases Network participant with a chromosome X;13-balanced translocation of uncertain significance revealed that this translocation disrupted the functioning of four separate genes (NBEA, PDK3, MAB21L1 and RB1) previously associated with single-gene Mendelian conditions. Notably, the function of each gene was disrupted via a distinct mechanism that required integration of the four 'omes' to resolve. These included fusion transcript formation, enhancer adoption, transcriptional readthrough silencing and inappropriate X-chromosome inactivation of autosomal genes. Overall, this highlights the utility of synchronized long-read multi-omic profiling for mechanistically resolving complex phenotypes.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationEpigenomeGene Expression ProfilingGenome, HumanTranscriptomeChromosomes, Human, XCpG IslandsHumansMaleTranslocation, Genetic

Identifiers

PMID39880924
PMCPMC12077378

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.