Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39880441›Full record

Observational studyBMJ open2025

Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Western Australia, 2010-2020.

Kanika Mehta, Sean Randall, Crystal Man Ying Lee, Elizabeth Thomas, Aron Chakera, Kevin Chai, Mohamed Estai, Madison Frith, Delia Hendrie, James Boyd and 1 more

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Kanika MehtaBaker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Sean RandallDeakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia s.randall@deakin.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2756-5090
Crystal Man Ying LeeSchool of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Elizabeth ThomasCentre for Clinical Research Excellence, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.
Aron ChakeraNephrology and Renal Transplantation, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Kevin ChaiSchool of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Mohamed EstaiWA Country Health Service, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Madison FrithDeakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-0794-2906
Delia HendrieSchool of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5022-5281
James BoydDepartment of Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Suzanne RobinsonDeakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5703-6475

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo assess the prevalence and trends of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Western Australia (WA) from 2010 to 2020 using linked pathology data.

designA retrospective observational cohort study using linked de-identified data from WA pathology providers, hospital morbidity records and mortality records.

settingA Western Australian population-based study.

participantsAll individuals aged 18 years and older with at least one serum creatinine test. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: CKD status as determined by estimated glomerular filtration rate and urine albumin-creatinine ratio.

resultsAnalysing data from 2 501 188 individuals, there was a significant increase in age-sex standardised CKD prevalence from 4.7% in 2010 to 6.0% in 2020, with annual average percentage change of 3.0% (95% CI: 2.3% to 3.7%). Prevalence of CKD stages 3 and above was 4.8% in 2020. Higher CKD prevalence was observed in regional and remote areas compared with major cities, and among individuals in the most socioeconomically disadvantaged quintiles. Sensitivity analysis indicated minor impacts from data exclusions and methodological choices.

conclusionsCKD prevalence in WA has been steadily increasing, reflecting broader Australian trends. The study highlights significant disparities in CKD prevalence based on age, socioeconomic status and geographic remoteness.

Indexed as

Renal Insufficiency, ChronicAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCreatinineFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesWestern AustraliaYoung AdultCreatinineChronic DiseaseNEPHROLOGYPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID39880441
PMCPMC11781091

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.