ArticleNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2025
Cognitive Deficits in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis Are Linked to Immunotherapy-Resistant White Matter Network Changes.
Article in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Structural Brain Changes Are Linked to Clinical and Cognitive Outcomes in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Observational
- The cascade to pathogenicity in autoantibody-mediated CNS diseases.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Persistent Bilateral [Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Synaptophysin autoantibodies mediate synaptic dysfunction in cerebellar ataxia.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Diencephalic integrity explains aspects of hippocampal amnesia.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Case Report: Sequential FcRn blockade and B-cell depletion for treatment-refractory relapsing autoimmune encephalitis: a three-patient case series.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Serum Autoantibody Titers and Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in CASPR2/LGI1 Encephalitis: A Longitudinal Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Altered putamen connectivity in patients with neurological post-COVID condition.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Subcortical shape biomarkers reveal limbic and basal ganglia damage in anti-LGI1 encephalitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
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12 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesCognitive deficits represent a major long-term complication of anti-leucine-rich, glioma-inactivated 1 encephalitis (LGI1-E). Although severely affecting patient outcomes, the structural brain changes underlying these deficits remain poorly understood. In this study, we hypothesized a link between white matter (WM) networks and cognitive outcomes in LGI1-E.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, we combined clinical assessments, comprehensive neuropsychological testing, diffusion tensor MRI, probabilistic WM tractography, and computational network analysis in patients with LGI1-E referred to Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin. Healthy individuals were recruited as control participants and matched to patients for age and sex with logistic regression propensity scores.
resultsTwenty-five patients with LGI1-E (mean age = 63 ± 12 years, 76% male) and 25 healthy controls were enrolled. Eighty-eight percent of patients presented persistent cognitive symptoms at postacute follow-up (median: 12 months from onset, interquartile range: 6-23 months)-despite treatment with immunotherapy and good overall recovery (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score at peak illness vs postacute: DISCUSSION: Although traditionally viewed as a form of limbic encephalitis, our study characterizes LGI1-E as a "network disorder" that affects the whole brain. Structural reorganization of WM networks was linked to long-term and multidomain cognitive impairment, which was not prevented by immunotherapy. These findings highlight the need for closer monitoring and improved treatment strategies to mitigate long-term cognitive impairment in LGI1-E.
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