ArticleScience translational medicine2025
Prior vaccination prevents overactivation of innate immune responses during COVID-19 breakthrough infection.
Article in Science translational medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Discordant Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Household Contacts.Clinical immunology communications · 2026Article
- The role of peripheral serotonin in SARS-CoV-2 infectivity, COVID-19 treatment and long COVID.Immunology and cell biology · 2026Review
- Interferon stimulation and NKG2D expression drive enhanced natural killer cell antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against viral infections.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Immunodominant T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein in Omicron breakthrough infection post-inactivated vaccination.Virulence · 2025Article
- Trained Immunity in Health and Disease.MedComm · 2025Review
- Acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025Review
- Cycle threshold values and SARS-CoV-2 variant associations with breakthrough infections: a retrospective study in Accra, Ghana.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Decoding the transcriptome from bulk RNA of infection-naïve versus imprinted patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron B.1.1.529.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- XBB.1.5 COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines Induce Inadequate Mucosal Immunity in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Modulating oxidative stress: a reliable strategy for coping with community-acquired pneumonia in older adults.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
At this stage in the COVID-19 pandemic, most infections are "breakthrough" infections that occur in individuals with prior severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exposure. To refine long-term vaccine strategies against emerging variants, we examined both innate and adaptive immunity in breakthrough infections. We performed single-cell transcriptomic, proteomic, and functional profiling of primary and breakthrough infections to compare immune responses from unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals during the SARS-CoV-2 Delta wave. Breakthrough infections were characterized by a less activated transcriptomic profile in monocytes and natural killer cells, with induction of pathways limiting monocyte migratory potential and natural killer cell proliferation. Furthermore, we observed a female-specific increase in transcriptomic and proteomic activation of multiple innate immune cell subsets during breakthrough infections. These insights suggest that prior SARS-CoV-2 vaccination prevents overactivation of innate immune responses during breakthrough infections with discernible sex-specific patterns and underscore the potential of harnessing vaccines in mitigating pathologic immune responses resulting from overactivation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.