Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39879316›Full record

ArticleACS nano2025

Landau-Levich Scaling for Optimization of Quantum Dot Layer Morphology and Thickness in Quantum-Dot Light-Emitting Diodes.

Yiman Xu, Grant J Dixon, Qing Xie, James F Gilchrist, Brandi M Cossairt, David S Ginger, Elsa Reichmanis

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS nano, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. A Standardized Platform for QLED Fabrication and Characterization.Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society · 2026
    Article
  2. Pursuing Band-like Transport in Colloidal Quantum Dot Assemblies.The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yiman XuDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, 124 E. Morton Street, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States.ORCID 0009-0005-1871-9181
Grant J DixonDepartment of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.
Qing XieDepartment of Chemistry, Lehigh University, 6 E Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6996-4543
James F GilchristDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, 124 E. Morton Street, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2066-750X
Brandi M CossairtDepartment of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9891-3259
David S GingerDepartment of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-9759-5447
Elsa ReichmanisDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, 124 E. Morton Street, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8205-8016

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Quantum dot (QD) light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) are promising candidates for next-generation displays because of their high efficiency, brightness, broad color gamut, and solution-processability. Large-scale solution-processing of electroluminescent QLEDs poses significant challenges, particularly concerning the precise control of the active layer's thickness and uniformity. These obstacles directly impact charge transport, leading to current leakage and reduced overall efficiency. Blade-coating is a prevalent and scalable solution processing technique known for its speed and minimal waste. Additionally, it allows for continuous "roll-to-roll" processing, making it highly adaptable in various applications. In this study, we demonstrate the precise control of blade speed in the Landau-Levich regime to create a uniform QD emission layer, using a commercial CdSe/ZnS QD as a representative example. QDs assemble into different morphologies on glass and the underlying layers of the QLED device due to variations in interaction energy. The QD film thickness can be modified from monolayer to multilayer by adjusting blade speed, which can be predicted by fitting the Landau-Levich-Derjaguin theory. The optimal speed at 7 mm/s results in a QD film with a surface coverage of around 163% and low roughness (1.57 nm mean square height). The QLED external quantum efficiency (EQE) of approximately 1.5% was achieved using commercially available CdSe/ZnS QDs with low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), and an EQE of around 7% has been obtained using lab-made InP/ZnSe/ZnS QDs having a solution PLQY of 74%. All-blade-coated CdSe-QLEDs are further demonstrated by adopting the optimized speed for the QD layer. This method demonstrates significant potential for developing low-cost, reproducible, and scalable QLED technologies with uniform emission characteristics and low-waste production.

Indexed as

blade coatinglow-wastemorphologyQLEDthickness control

Identifiers

PMID39879316
PMCPMC11823618

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.