ArticlePLOS global public health2025
Treatment outcomes among children and adolescents with extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pre-XDR tuberculosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effectiveness and Safety of Contemporary Drug Regimens for Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-resistant Tuberculosis in Children and Adolescents: A Global Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pre-XDR- tuberculosis (TB) account for approximately a third of pediatric MDR-TB cases globally. Clinical management is challenging; recommendations are based on limited evidence. We assessed the clinical outcomes for children and adolescents treated for XDR-and pre-XDR-TB. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies reporting treatment outcomes for children and adolescents with XDR-and pre-XDR-TB. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and trial registries up to 31 December 2023 were searched. Eligible studies included children and adolescents aged <18 years with XDR-or pre-XDR-TB. The primary outcome was treatment success, defined as a composite of cure and treatment completion. Secondary outcomes were death, failure/ lost to follow-up and adverse events. We identified 34 population-based studies and 14 case studies, which reported treatment outcomes for a total of 656 patients. Treatment durations ranged from 6 to 27 months; follow-up after treatment completion ranged from 2 months to 4 years. The pooled estimate for treatment success in XDR-and pre-XDR-TB was 88·9% (95%CI: 59·7-100%) and 65·4% (95%CI: 27·7-100%), respectively. Drug adverse effects were reported in 56.4% (95%CI: 9.9-100%) and 68.2% (95%CI: 0-100%) of children respectively. Few childhood XDR- and pre-XDR-TB cases are reported. The relatively good treatment outcomes in children compared to adults may be partly due to publishing bias. Drug adverse effects are common.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.