Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39878364›Full record

ArticleThe Gerontologist2025

Identifying Emerging Drivers and Interventions to Reduce Vaccine Hesitancy Among Long-Term Care Facility Nursing Staff.

Kaitlin Quirk Brumbaugh, Louise Kaplan, Kris Pui Kwan Ma, Ali Mokdad, Bianca K Frogner, Francisco Rios Casas, Tara McCoy, Bruce Bello

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Gerontologist, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kaitlin Quirk BrumbaughPopulation Health Initiative, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Louise KaplanCenter for Health Workforce Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Kris Pui Kwan MaDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4198-0052
Ali MokdadDepartment of Health Metrics Sciences, Population Health Initiative, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Bianca K FrognerDepartment of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Center for Health Workforce Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Francisco Rios CasasPopulation Health Initiative, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8302-0132
Tara McCoyPopulation Health Initiative, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Bruce BelloPopulation Health Initiative, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Funding

Transform Dissemination and Implementation Science in CTSA ProgramsUL1TR002319 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI John K. Amory · 2017 to 2026
$100.0M
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002319
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesThe study aimed to identify key drivers of vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers (HCWs) employed at long-term care facilities (LTCFs) within selected states. It also sought to determine which interventions, policies, and programs effectively reduced HCW vaccine hesitancy for coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) and influenza. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsThe study employed a mixed methods approach, combining secondary analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data, survey research, and focus groups. BRFSS data on influenza and COVID-19 rates informed the selection of states for qualitative sampling frames. HCWs from LTCFs (i.e., skilled nursing facilities and nursing homes) were recruited to complete a survey based on the sampling frame. Additionally, administration and nursing management from participating facilities were invited to participate in focus groups.

resultsSurvey results (N = 199 from 23 facilities) showed vaccine hesitancy among HCWs in LTCFs is a complex issue influenced by several factors, such as lack of knowledge, misinformation, and doubts about vaccine safety, efficacy, risks, and benefits. Focus groups (N = 25 from 15 facilities) revealed a spectrum of vaccine hesitancy, ranging from acceptance to outright refusal. The survey and focus groups identified effective interventions to reduce HCW vaccine hesitancy, including educational campaigns, onsite vaccination, and vaccine recommendations from trusted nursing staff. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: This study provides important insights into addressing vaccine hesitancy among HCWs in LTCF. It highlights the moral and ethical responsibility for targeted interventions to improve vaccine uptake in the healthcare sector.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesInfluenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesLong-Term CareNursing HomesNursing StaffVaccinationVaccination HesitancyAdultBehavioral Risk Factor Surveillance SystemFemaleFocus GroupsHealth PersonnelHumansMaleCOVID-19 VaccinesInfluenza VaccinesCOVID vaccineHealthcare worker vaccine hesitancyInfluenza vaccineLong-term care facilities

Identifiers

PMID39878364
PMCPMC11881225

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.