ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024
Sodium valproate enhances efficacy of NKG2D CAR-T cells against glioblastoma.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Heat up and Destroy: Immunotherapy of "Cold" Tumors Using the Example of Glioblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Current Status and Evolution of Immunotherapy in Glioma Management.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Review
- Combinatorial therapy with resveratrol sensitizes glioblastoma to NKG2D CAR-T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Glioblastoma pathophysiology: roles of aging driven changes in STAT3 interactions with NF-κB dimer components in the modulation of the mitochondrial melatonergic pathway and night-time inflammation resolution.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2026Review
- NKG2D CAR-T cells for solid tumor immunotherapy: advances, challenges, and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunological Biomarkers in Glioblastoma: Targeting T and NK Cells for Enhanced Diagnosis and Prognosis.Biologics : targets & therapy · 2026Review
- Immunocyte reprogramming empowers live-cell drug delivery: Mechanistic insights, delivery strategies, and clinical perspectives.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Smart Cells Against Cancer: Advances in Cell-Based Drug Delivery and Diagnostics.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Targets for CAR Therapy in Multiple Myeloma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Profiling Shared Cytotoxic Immune Signatures in SLE-Associated Coronary Injury Through Transcriptomics and Machine Learning.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies have shown promise in glioblastoma clinical studies, but responses remain inconsistent due to heterogeneous tumor antigen expression and immune evasion post-treatment. NKG2D CAR-T cells have demonstrated a favorable safety profile in patients with hematologic tumors, and showed robust antitumor efficacy in various xenograft models, including glioblastoma. However, malignant glioma cells evade immunological surveillance by reducing NKG2D ligands expression or cleavage. To enhance the effectiveness of NKG2D CAR-T therapy, we investigated the potential of combining NKG2D CAR-T with approved drugs that cross the blood-brain barrier and augment NKG2D ligands expression in glioma cells. We found that sodium valproate (VPA), an antiepileptic drug, significantly increased surface NKG2D ligands expression on glioblastoma cells at a sublethal concentration. VPA treatment enhanced the susceptibility of glioblastoma cells to NKG2D CAR-T mediated cytotoxicity in both 2D monolayer and 3D tumor spheroid models
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