Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39876821›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2025

Iron-associated lipid peroxidation in Alzheimer's disease is increased in lipid rafts with decreased ferroptosis suppressors, tested by chelation in mice.

Max A Thorwald, Jose A Godoy-Lugo, Gilberto Garcia, Justine Silva, Minhoo Kim, Amy Christensen, Wendy J Mack, Elizabeth Head, Peggy A O'Day, Bérénice A Benayoun and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Lithium chloride suppresses ferroptosis of induced pluripotent stem cells with ApoE4/E4 from a sporadic Alzheimer's disease patient.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
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  15. Review
  16. Review
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  19. Aberrant Mitochondrial Metabolism in Alzheimer's Disease Links Energy Stress with Ferroptosis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Max A ThorwaldLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0095-5344
Jose A Godoy-LugoLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Gilberto GarciaLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Justine SilvaDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
Minhoo KimLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Amy ChristensenLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Wendy J MackDepartment of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Elizabeth HeadDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
Peggy A O'DayLife and Environmental Sciences Department, University of California, Merced, California, USA.
Bérénice A BenayounLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Todd E MorganLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Christian J PikeLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Ryo Higuchi-SanabriaLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Henry Jay FormanLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Caleb E FinchLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Funding

VASCULAR RISK AND COGNITIVE STATUS IN A LATINO POPULATIONP50AG005142 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI CHUI, HELENA CHANG · 1985 to 2019
$41.0M
Furthering scientific understanding of mechanisms underlying resilience to the effects of AD pathology by incorporating state of the art quantification of gliosis, inflammation, & synaptic toxicityU01AG006781 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI CRANE, PAUL K, LARSON, ERIC B · 1986 to 2020
$39.3M
University of Washington Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterP30AG066509 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Amanda D. Boyd · 2020 to 2026
$29.0M
The Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at the University of California, IrvineP30AG066519 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI Mathew Mark Blurton-Jones · 2020 to 2026
$27.9M
USCADRC Diversity Supplement PachicanoP30AG066530 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI HELENA Chang CHUI · 2020 to 2026
$27.8M
RESEARCH TRAINING IN GERONTOLOGYT32AG000037 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI JENNIFER A AILSHIRE, EILEEN M CRIMMINS · 1985 to 2026
$13.2M
Urban Air Pollution and Pathological Brain Aging: A Nationwide Twin Study in MenP01AG055367 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI MACK, WILLIAM J · 2018 to 2022
$11.5M
USC Geroscience Training in the Biology of AgingT32AG052374 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Sean P CURRAN · 2016 to 2026
$5.3M
Amyloid and inflammation: modulation by apoE, gender, air pollution, and drugsRF1AG051521 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI FINCH, CALEB E · 2015 to 2015
$3.0M
ADRC NIAAG066530Glenn FoundationJunior Faculty Award, and Navigage Foundation AG066530Junior Faculty Award, and Navigage Foundation P50-AG005142Junior Faculty Award, and Navigage Foundation T32-AG000037Junior Faculty Award, and Navigage Foundation T32AG052374Larry L. Hillblom Foundation 2022-A-010-SUPNIA NIH HHS P01 AG055367NIA NIH HHS P01-AG055367NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066509NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066519NIA NIH HHS P30AG066519NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066530NIA NIH HHS P50 AG005142NIA NIH HHS P50-AG05142NIA NIH HHS R01-AG051521NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG051521NIA NIH HHS T32 AG000037NIA NIH HHS T32 AG052374NIA NIH HHS U01 AG006781NIH
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIron-mediated cell death (ferroptosis) is a proposed mechanism of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. While iron is essential for basic biological functions, its reactivity generates oxidants which contribute to cell damage and death.

methodsTo further resolve mechanisms of iron-mediated toxicity in AD, we analyzed post mortem human brain and ApoEFAD mice.

resultsAD brains had decreased antioxidant enzymes, including those mediated by glutathione (GSH). Subcellular analyses of AD brains showed greater oxidative damage and lower antioxidant enzymes in lipid rafts, the site of amyloid processing, than in the non-raft membrane fraction. Apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers had lower lipid raft yield with greater membrane oxidation. The hypothesized role of iron in AD pathology was tested in ApoEFAD mice by iron chelation with deferoxamine, which decreased fibrillar amyloid and lipid peroxidation, together with increased GSH-mediated antioxidants. DISCUSSION: These novel molecular pathways highlight iron-mediated damage to lipid rafts during AD. HIGHLGHTS: Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains have numerous markers for ferroptosis, including increased lipid peroxidation, reduced antioxidant levels, and increased iron storage. Lipid rafts in AD cases have increased oxidative damage and reduced antioxidant enzyme levels and activity which are most severe in apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers. Neuronal markers are correlated with lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defense, and iron signaling proteins suggesting that neuronal loss is linked to these events. Chelation of iron in the early-onset familial AD model reduces iron-mediated lipid peroxidation and fibrillar amyloid.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseFerroptosisIronLipid PeroxidationMembrane MicrodomainsAgedAnimalsApolipoprotein E4BrainDeferoxamineDisease Models, AnimalFemaleGlutathioneHumansIron Chelating AgentsMaleApolipoprotein E4DeferoxamineGlutathioneIronIron Chelating Agents4‐hydroxy‐nonenalamyloiddeferoxamineearly‐onset familial Alzheimer's diseaseferritinferroptosis suppressor protein 1glutathione cysteine ligase modulatorglutathione peroxidase 4

Identifiers

PMID39876821
PMCPMC11775463

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.