Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39876095›Full record

ReviewClinical pharmacology and therapeutics2025

IQ Survey Results on Current Industry Practices-Part 1: Immunogenicity Risk Assessment.

Christine Grimaldi, Susan Richards, Daniel Baltrukonis, Shelley Sims Belouski, Kelly Coble, Sanjay L Dholakiya, Joanna Grudzinska-Goebel, Gerry Kolaitis, Jocelyn H Leu, Linlin Luo and 5 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Christine GrimaldiBioanlytical Sciences, Regeneron, Inc, Tarrytown, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5915-4317
Susan RichardsTranslational Medicine and Early Development, Sanofi R&D, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8288-5636
Daniel BaltrukonisTranslational Clinical Sciences, Clinical Bioanalytics, Pfizer, Inc, Groton, Connecticut, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-8784-9335
Shelley Sims BelouskiNonclinical and Bioanalytical Development, Xencor, Inc, Pasadena, California, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-9645-9229
Kelly CobleBioanalytical Sciences, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut, USA.ORCID 0009-0001-2615-1566
Sanjay L DholakiyaClinical Pharmacology, Pharmacometrics, Disposition and Bioanalysis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
Joanna Grudzinska-GoebelPharmaceuticals R&D, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany.
Gerry KolaitisClinical Pharmacology, Pharmacometrics, Disposition and Bioanalysis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
Jocelyn H LeuJohnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8627-6512
Linlin LuoRegulated Bioanalytics, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA.
Stephen LoweLilly Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, Singapore City, Singapore.
Tao NiuQuantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Sarepta Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-7048-0809
Henrik Toft-HansenNon-Clinical and Clinical Assay Sciences, Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev, Denmark.
Jianning YangOncology Clinical Pharmacology, Astellas Pharma Global Development, Inc, Northbrook, Illinois, USA.
Benjamin WuClinical Pharmacology, Genentech/Roche, South San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6443-3671

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

An immunogenicity risk assessment (IRA) is a relatively new expectation of health authorities that is increasingly incorporated into the drug development process across the pharmaceutical/biotech industry. The guiding principle for an IRA includes a comprehensive evaluation of product- and patient-related factors that may influence the immunogenic potential of a biotherapeutic drug and a potential action plan. The Immunogenicity Working Group from the IQ Consortium (Clinical Pharmacology Leadership Group) has conducted a survey to understand the current practices for conducting IRAs and relevant aspects of bioanalysis. Survey results were provided by 19 IQ member companies participating in the Clinical Pharmacology Leadership Group (CPLG) and the Translational and ADME Sciences Leadership Group (TALG). Nearly all the respondents reported experience with monoclonal antibodies (mAb), with 10 other drug modalities including bioengineered protein therapeutics such as fusion and multi-domain proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides as well as gene and cell therapies. The survey results demonstrate that most companies have a defined IRA process, and there was a common understanding that the IRA may need to be revised as more information becomes available or the drug development strategy changes. Some differences found across the respondents are related to the time frame for implementation of IRA document, the types of preclinical data and computational methods used to assess risk, and how the IRA informs clinical plans and documentation practices. These results highlight that while there have been widespread insights gained with performing IRA for mAbs, more experience is needed to perform IRAs for the novel modalities.

Indexed as

Antibodies, MonoclonalDrug DevelopmentDrug IndustryHumansRisk AssessmentSurveys and QuestionnairesAntibodies, Monoclonal

Identifiers

PMID39876095
PMCPMC12087687

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.