Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39875990›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2025

Patient's psychological experiences during and after recovery from COVID-19 pandemic: a phenomenological study in Pakistan.

Farooq Ahmed, Rubina Bhatti, Najma Iqbal Malik, Muhammad Sohaib Haleem, Attia Rehman, Anam Yousaf, Muhammad Saleem, Neelum Kahlid, Rashed Nawaz, Shaoqing Gong

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Article in BMC psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Farooq AhmedIslamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Rubina BhattiIslamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Najma Iqbal MalikUniversity of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
Muhammad Sohaib HaleemUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Punjab, Hafizabad, Pakistan.
Attia RehmanUniversity of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
Anam YousafUniversity of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
Muhammad SaleemIslamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Neelum KahlidXi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Rashed NawazLuohe Medical College, Luohe, China. rashednawazpk@gmail.com.
Shaoqing GongLuohe Medical College, Luohe, China. gongshaoqing@lhmc.edu.cn.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 72374169.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCOVID-19 is a transmissible and infectious disease with symptoms similar to pneumonia, ranging from moderate to severe. This study investigated the psychological experiences of patients both during their illness and after their recovery.

methodsThe study employed purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews to gather insights from 13 COVID-19 survivors (7 women and 6 men). Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis was used to analyze the interview transcripts. Participants ranged in age from 22 to 62 years.

resultsThe analysis identified seven main themes of psychological experiences during the illness, each with several sub-themes. Key themes included denial of the disease, uncertainty about the illness, and psychological distress, which had sub-themes of depression and stress. Other themes included death anxiety, perceived social stigma (with loneliness as a sub-theme), exposure to infection (with restrictions as a sub-theme), and coping strategies (which encompassed active coping and avoidant coping). For experiences post-recovery, two main themes emerged, with eight sub-themes. The first was post-traumatic growth, which included attachment to God, acceptance of death, gratitude (toward God), trust in interpersonal relationships, gratitude toward people, and the significance of life. The second theme was delayed resilience, which involved recovery from insomnia and post-COVID psychological distress.

conclusionThe study concluded that surviving COVID-19 involves significant psychological challenges both during the illness and after recovery. These insights are valuable for psychologists and counselors in addressing the emotional and mental health needs of COVID-19 patients.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PsychologicalCOVID-19SurvivorsAdultAnxietyDepressionFemaleHumansLonelinessMaleMiddle AgedPakistanPsychological DistressQualitative ResearchResilience, PsychologicalSARS-CoV-2CopingFearsInterpersonal relationshipsLonelinessPost-traumatic growthResilience

Identifiers

PMID39875990
PMCPMC11776165

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.