ArticleBMC veterinary research2025
Detection of Mycoplasma spp. from snakes from five different families.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gut Microbiome Diversity, Functional Potential, and Ecological Relevance of Hottentotta tamulus.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Health assessment and multipathogen surveillance of free-ranging snakes in the southeastern United States.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Identifying Infectious Agents in Snakes (Boidae and Pythonidae) with and Without Respiratory Disease.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMycoplasmas are an important cause of respiratory diseases in tortoises. In snakes, evidence of mycoplasma infections has been found almost exclusively in pythons. To better understand the occurrence of these bacteria in other snake species, samples submitted for routine testing for respiratory pathogens were also tested for mycoplasma by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 640 samples (mostly oral swabs) from snakes of 5 different families (Boidae n = 114, Colubridae n = 109, Elapidae n = 34, Pythonidae n = 301 and Viperidae n = 82) were included in the study. A genus-specific PCR (PCR1) developed for the detection of Mycoplasma [Mycoplasmopsis] agassizii and a pan-mycoplasma PCR (PCR2) were used. PCR products were sequenced for validation and phylogenetic analysis was performed. The sampled animals were from various owners and collections, all in human care at the time of sampling. Clinical background information was not provided.
resultsUsing PCR1, mycoplasmas were detected in 175 (175/640, 27%) samples (Boidae: 7/114, 6%; Colubridae: 3/109, 3%; Elapidae: 8/34, 24%; Pythonidae: 155/301, 51%; Viperidae: 2/82, 2%). A higher percentage of positive results were obtained using PCR2 (258/640, 40%; Boidae: 9/114, 8%; Colubridae: 25/109, 23%; Elapidae: 19/34, 56%; Pythonidae: 172/301, 57%; Viperidae: 33/82, 40%). The detected bacteria can be divided into at least 6 genetically diverse clusters representing different genera and species based on multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis.
conclusionsThese results show that diverse mycoplasmas are found in pythons and other snakes. Further investigations are necessary to evaluate the role of various mycoplasmas in respiratory diseases in snakes.
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