ArticleBMC nutrition2025
The influence of gender and waist circumference in the association of body fat with cardiometabolic diseases.
Article in BMC nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nutrition Patterns, Metabolic and Psychological State Among High-Weight Young Adults: A Network Approach.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Evaluating Abdominal Obesity by Waist Circumference, Anthropometric Indices and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis: A Comparative Pilot Study.Obesity science & practice · 2025Article
- In Vitro Chronic Hyperinsulinemia Induces Remodelling of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Young Men and Women in a Sex Hormone Independent Manner.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Article
- Association between the weight-adjusted waist index and age-related macular degeneration in US adults aged≥40 years: the NHANES 2005-2008.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe link between obesity and cardiometabolic risk has been well recognized. We investigated the association between body fat percentage (BF%), as an appropriate indicator of obesity, and prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases using baseline data of Fasa PERSIAN cohort study.
methodsThe cross-sectional study was performed on data obtained at the first phase of the Fasa cohort study in Iran (n = 4658: M/F: 2154/2504). Anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, cardiometabolic biomarkers, and body fat content were measured. Information on demographic and lifestyle factors, and history of cardiometabolic diseases (metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and myocardial infarction) was obtained.
resultsCardiometabolic risk factors (body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipids) had an inverse association with BF% tertiles in both sexes. Women had a higher BF% and prevalence of metabolic diseases than men, but men demonstrated stronger associations between BF% and cardiometabolic diseases. In both sexes, the association between BF% and metabolic syndrome and NAFLD was stronger than that between BF% and diabetes and myocardial infarction. Addition of waist circumference to the confounders either weakened (for NAFLD and metabolic syndrome) or faded (for type 2 diabetes and myocardial infarction) the relationship of BF% and cardiometabolic diseases.
conclusionStrategies to decrease body fat may be effective in ameliorating the risk of milder metabolic diseases, such as metabolic syndrome, but interventions to decrease abdominal fat (estimated by waist circumference) may be more effective in preventing more serious metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and myocardial infarction.
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