ArticleClinical oral investigations2025
Evaluation of parotid and submandibular salivary glands with ultrasonography in diabetic patients.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparative ultrasonographic and clinical assessment of major salivary glands in patients with chronic kidney disease and healthy controls.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- MRI-based volumetric and histogram analysis of parotid and submandibular salivary glands in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- The diagnostic performance of salivary gland shear wave elastography to differentiate Sjögren disease from type 2 diabetes mellitus with sicca: a cross-sectional controlled study.BMC medical imaging · 2026Article
- Ultrasonographic evaluation of the parotid and submandibular glands in smokers.Oral radiology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe main symptom of diabetes mellitus (DM) is hyperglycaemia, and patients with DM often have microvascular complications, such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy; macrovascular complications, such as coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease and cerebrovascular disease; and oral complications, such as xerostomia, hyposalivation and periodontal disease. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the submandibular and parotid glands in type 2 DM patients and healthy individuals and to determine the changes in the salivary glands caused by diabetes. MATERIALS AND
methodsIn this study, the salivary glands of 100 patients (50 individuals with type 2 DM and 50 healthy individuals) were evaluated by ultrasonography (US). Echogenicity, parenchymal homogeneity, hypoechogenic and hyperechogenic areas, margin characteristics, and vascularity of the glands were analysed. The anteroposterior, superoinferior, and mediolateral lengths and volumes of the submandibular glands were measured.
resultsStatistically significant differences in submandibular gland echogenicity, parotid gland vascularity, and hyperechogenic reflections of the parotid glands were observed between the groups (p < 0.05). In addition, the volume and dimensions of the submandibular glands were significantly greater in the type 2 DM group.
conclusionsDM leads to changes in the salivary glands. US, which has many advantages for salivary gland imaging, is a highly effective method for investigating these changes in individuals with diabetes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: US, which is well tolerated by patients and does not involve ionizing radiation, can be used for long-term monitoring of the effects of diabetes mellitus on the salivary glands.
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