Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39875486›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Mechanical properties of modern restorative "bioactive" dental materials - an in vitro study.

Mateusz Radwanski, Ewa Zmyslowska-Polakowska, Karolina Osica, Michal Krasowski, Salvatore Sauro, Louis Hardan, Monika Lukomska-Szymanska

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mateusz RadwanskiDepartment of Endodontics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Ewa Zmyslowska-PolakowskaDepartment of Endodontics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Karolina OsicaDepartment of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str, Lodz, 92-213, Poland.
Michal KrasowskiMaterial Science Laboratory, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str, Lodz, 92-213, Poland.
Salvatore SauroDental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry, Departamento de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad CEU-Cardenal Herrera, C/Del Pozo s/n, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia, 46115, Spain.
Louis HardanDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, 1107 2180, Lebanon.
Monika Lukomska-SzymanskaDepartment of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska Str, Lodz, 92-213, Poland. monika.lukomska-szymanska@umed.lodz.pl.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed at assessing the mechanical properties and degradation of commercial bioactive materials. The bioactive materials (Activa Bioactive Restorative, Beautifil Flow Plus F00, F03, Predicta Bulk Bioactive) and composite resin Filtek Supreme Flow were submitted to flexural and diametral tensile strength tests (FS, DTS), modulus of elasticity (ME) evaluation, and analysis of aging in 70% ethanol and saliva on their hardness and sorption. The results for DTS ranged from 33.16 MPa (Beautifil Flow Plus F03) to 47.74 MPa (Filtek Supreme Flow). The highest FS was 120.40 MPa (Predicta Bulk Bioactive), while the lowest values were 86.55 MPa (Activa Bioactive Restorative). Activa Bioactive Restorative showed the lowest ME, as well as the highest water sorption both in alcohol and artificial saliva. Moreover, aging in saliva induced a significant decrease in hardness for Activa Restorative (p < .01). Alcohol storage caused a significant decrease in hardness for all materials (p < .0001). All tested materials met the basic requirements for light-curing materials in terms of DTS and FS. However, all materials showed higher sorption in alcohol than in saliva, while hardness decreased significantly after 30 days. Predicta Bulk Bioactive presented the highest mechanical parameters, initial hardness, and the lowest sorption of alcohol and saliva.

Indexed as

Composite ResinsDental MaterialsElastic ModulusEthanolHardnessHumansMaterials TestingTensile StrengthComposite ResinsDental MaterialsEthanolBioactive materialsFlexural strengthHardnessMechanical propertiesModulus of elasticitySorption

Identifiers

PMID39875486
PMCPMC11775110

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.