ArticleScientific reports2025
Preliminary evidence of immune infiltration and neutrophil degranulation in peripheral blood of non-obese OSA patients related to cognitive decline.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Machine learning identification of biomarkers for vascular endothelial damage in obstructive sleep apnea.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Review
- Systematic characterization of pyroptosis-related gene patterns identifies potential prognostic inflammatory phenotypes in sepsis.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- Integrated Bioinformatics Methods Were Employed to Investigate Potential Molecular Links Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Sarcoidosis.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Article
- Association Between Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) and Cognitive Function in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Advances in immunology of obstructive sleep apnea: mechanistic insights, clinical impact, and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Shared Genetic Architecture of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Neck Pain: A Large-Scale Genome-Wide Association Study.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients have varying degrees of cognitive impairment, but the specific pathogenic mechanism is still unclear. Meanwhile, poor compliance with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in OSA prompts better solutions. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed genes between the non-obese OSA patients and healthy controls, and to explore potential biomarkers associated with cognitive impairment. Cohorts of healthy control (n = 20) and non-obese, treatment-naïve OSA patients (n = 20) were recruited. We collected their peripheral blood mononuclear cells and neutrophils, and their cognitive performances were evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The differentially expressed genes were identified by bioinformatic analysis and confirmed by PCR. Imbalanced immune cell proportions were assessed by Cibersort. Biomarkers related to enriched cellular pathways were measured by ELISA. OSA patients showed a significant decline in overall cognitive function and were associated with higher daytime sleepiness scores. Multiple signaling pathways were enriched in the non-obese OSA cohort, including upregulation of neutrophil-degranulation. Increased monocyte proportion and decreased NK cell proportion were figured out. The relevant genes, including upregulated defensin alpha 4 (DEFA4), haptoglobin (HP), survivin (BIRC5), and suppressed interferon gamma (IFNG) expression were detected. The relative expression of DEFA4 was significantly correlated with the MoCA score and sleep parameters. Biomarkers such as myeloperoxidase (MPO), H
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