Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39875140›Full record

ArticleBMJ global health2025

A meta-core outcome set for stillbirth prevention and bereavement care following stillbirth in LMIC.

Kushupika Dube, Farai Marenga, Elizabeth Ombeva Ayebare, Carol Bedwell, Nasim Chaudhry, Idesi Chilinda, Angela Chimwaza, Declan Devane, Sudhindrashayana Fattepur, Unice Goshomi and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ global health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. A Core Outcome Set for Stillbirth Care: An International Consensus Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Kushupika DubeMpilo School of Midwifery, Mpilo Central Hospital, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.
Farai MarengaWomen's University in Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Elizabeth Ombeva AyebareDepartment of Nursing, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Carol BedwellDepartment of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8031-7793
Nasim ChaudhryPakistan Institute of Living and Learning (PILL), Karachi, Pakistan.
Idesi ChilindaKamuzu University of Health Sciences, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Angela ChimwazaKamuzu University of Health Sciences, Lilongwe, Malawi.
Declan DevaneSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Sudhindrashayana FattepurDepartment of Paediatrics, Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Karnataka, India.
Unice GoshomiWomen's University in Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Tayyeba KiranPakistan Institute of Living and Learning (PILL), Karachi, Pakistan.
Rose LaisserArchbishop Anthony Mayala School of Nursing, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania.
Tina LavenderDepartment of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1473-4956
Tracey A MillsDepartment of International Public Health, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2183-7999
Allen NabisereDepartment of Nursing, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Zaib Un NisaPakistan Institute of Living and Learning (PILL), Karachi, Pakistan.
Bellington VwalikaSchool of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Sabina WakasiakaSchool of Nursing Sciences, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Jamie J KirkhamCentre for Biostatistics, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK jamie.kirkham@manchester.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2579-9325

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

objectiveStillbirth is burdensome in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. Currently, there are two core outcome sets (COS) for stillbirth (prevention and bereavement care), but these were developed with limited reflection of the needs of parents in an LMIC setting. To address this gap, the objective of this study was to establish consensus on the most important outcomes for stillbirth prevention and bereavement care following stillbirth in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

methodsPrevious stillbirth outcomes were reviewed for inclusion into the COS by senior research leaders and community engagement and involvement members from six sub-Saharan African and two South Asian countries. An online real-time Delphi survey was then conducted with healthcare professionals, parents who have experienced a stillbirth and researchers in the field to score the agreed list. The results of the Delphi were summarised and then discussed at a virtual consensus meeting where the final COS were agreed.

results287 participants contributed towards the Delphi (143 midwives, 32 obstetricians, 50 mothers, 12 fathers and 50 researchers), with at least 2 parents attending the full consensus meetings. Consensus was reached on 13 core outcomes for stillbirth prevention covering 5 domains: obstetric, fetal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes and maternal complications. For bereavement care following a stillbirth, five core outcomes reached a consensus, which included outcomes related to labour and birth, a postpartum complication, care experience, mental health and emotional and social well-being. DISCUSSION: These COS will improve the consistency of outcomes for future research in an LMIC setting. Additionally, they will complement existing COS for stillbirth prevention and bereavement care developed in high-income settings. The output from this work will move us towards a global set of outcomes that can be used in stillbirth research worldwide.

Indexed as

BereavementDeveloping CountriesOutcome Assessment, Health CareStillbirthAdultAfrica South of the SaharaAsiaConsensusDelphi TechniqueFemaleHumansMalePregnancyMaternal healthObstetrics

Identifiers

PMID39875140
PMCPMC11781104

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.