SynthesisPloS one2025
Prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and suicide tendency among individual with long-COVID and determinants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The prevalence of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: an umbrella review.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Anxiety-Depressive Disorders in 200 Patients with Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Prevalence and Predictors from a Cross-Sectional Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Prospective associations between Long COVID and mental health: evidence from a population-based study with a nearly three-year follow-up.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Altered core depressive symptom balance in post-COVID fatigue: reduced depressed mood in an exploratory matched historical-control study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of Long COVID syndrome among university students in the post-pandemic era.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- A randomised, placebo-controlled, triple-blind clinical trial to investigate the efficacy ofFrontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Robust Bayesian Model Averaging Meta-Analysis of Menstrual Disorders in COVID-19 Survivors: A Methodological Meta-Analysis Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Smoking status and the onset of suicidal ideation among adults in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic.Annals of general psychiatry · 2025Article
- Long COVID and psychosocial factors among middle-aged and older adults. Results of the nationally representative German Ageing Survey.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
- GerenciaVida: Validity Evidence of a Mobile Application for Suicide Behavior Management.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Anxiety and perceived social support as moderators of cognitive and emotional well-being in populations affected by COVID-19.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Evaluating the longitudinal physical and psychological health effects of persistent long Covid 3.5 years after infection.PloS one · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWhile mental health alterations during active COVID-19 infection have been documented, the prevalence of long-term mental health consequences remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of mental health symptoms-depression, anxiety, stress, and suicidal tendencies-and to identify their trends and associated risk factors in individuals with long-COVID.
methodsWe conducted a systematic literature search of databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PsycINFO up to August 2024, targeting observational studies published in English. Study quality was assessed using structured standard tools. The primary outcome was the pooled prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and suicidal tendencies in individuals with long-COVID. Secondary outcomes included trends in these mental health problems over time and identification of associated determinants.
resultsA total of 94 eligible studies were included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence estimates, regardless of follow up times duration, were as follows: depression, 25% (95%CI:22-28%; PI:1-59%); anxiety (adjusted via trim and fill method), 23%(95%CI:21-25%;PI:2-35%); composite outcomes of depression and/or anxiety, 25% (95%CI:23-27%;PI:2-51%); stress, 26%(95%CI:13-39%;PI:1-69%); and suicidality, 19%(95%CI:15-22%;PI:13-25%). The results of meta-regression analyses revealed a statistically significant trend showing a gradual decrease in the prevalence of the composite outcome of anxiety and/or depression over time (RD = -0.004,P = 0.022). Meta-regression results indicated that being female and younger age were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of mental health symptoms. Study design and study setting did not contribute to heterogeneity.
conclusionOne-fourth of individual with long-COVID experience mental health symptoms, including depression, anxiety, and stress, which remain prevalent even two years post-infection despite a slight decreasing trend. Factors such as female gender and younger age were linked to higher rates of anxiety and depression. These findings indicate the need for ongoing mental health screening and early interventions to mitigate long-term psychological distress in long-COVID patients.
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