ArticleCureus2024
New Mediastinal and Hilar Lymphadenopathy After Adjuvant Pembrolizumab in a Patient With Stage III Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.
Article in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Diagnosis and Management of Sarcoidosis-like Reaction in Adjuvant Immunotherapy: A Comprehensive Review and Clinical Implications.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- ChatGPT: the essential patient's companion for transesophageal echocardiogram education.Journal of ultrasound · 2025Article
- Pembrolizumab-Associated Multiorgan Sarcoid-Like Reaction: A Case Report and Review of Literature.Case reports in medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has transformed the management of advanced and high-risk renal cell carcinoma (RCC). In the adjuvant setting, ICIs, such as pembrolizumab, aim to reduce the risk of recurrence following potentially curative nephrectomy. However, this therapeutic approach introduces unique challenges, particularly related to immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The sarcoidosis-like reaction is a particularly rare immune-related adverse event that can be a diagnostic challenge because of its broad clinical symptoms and potential to mimic metastasis. We present a case of a 50-year-old patient who developed mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy during adjuvant pembrolizumab therapy following nephrectomy for stage III RCC, which was initially suspected to be metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) biopsy revealed non-caseating granulomas without malignancy, leading to a diagnosis of pembrolizumab-induced sarcoidosis-like reaction (SLR). The patient was treated with corticosteroids due to progressive fatigue, leading to a complete resolution of his constitutive symptoms and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. This study highlights diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, the importance of distinguishing irAEs from cancer progression, and strategies to avoid cognitive bias in clinical decision making.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.