ReviewIn vitro models2023
3D tumor spheroids: morphological alterations a yardstick to anti-cancer drug response.
Review in In vitro models, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hepatic stellate cells promote structural and functional remodeling of three-dimensional hepatocellular carcinoma coculture spheroids.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Phosphorylated HPV‑16 E7 disrupts planar cell polarity in cervical cancer cells through vangl1 dysregulation.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Multifunctional Nanodiamond Conjugate With a Tumor-Specific EGFR-Targeting Peptide and Photoactivated CO Release for Improved Therapeutic Efficacy in Head and Neck Cancers.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Symmetric cancer spheroid-fibroblast organization revealed in 3D by high-throughput microscopy.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Lutetium-177 Radiolabeled Gold Nanoparticles for Prostate Cancer Theranostics.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Recapitulation of human 3D colorectal cancer model using smart thermo-responsive hydrogel for monitoring angiogenesis.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Recapitulating lung cancer metastasisOncology reports · 2026Review
- Harnessing Next-Generation 3D Cancer Models to Elucidate Tumor-Microbiome Crosstalk.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Monitoring Apoptotic Activity of Silver(I) Metallodrugs Containing Mefenamic Acid and Mitochondriotropic Agents in Artificial Breast Tumor Tissues.ChemMedChem · 2025Article
- Three-dimensional spheroid models for cardiovascular biology and pathology.Mechanobiology in medicine · 2025Review
- High-content confocal analysis of tumorigenesis, cancer stem cells, and drug response in 3D cholangiocarcinoma cultures.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Xanthatin nanocrystals exert anti-inflammatory properties against TNFα-primed 2D monolayers and in 3D spheroids of human HT29 colorectal cancer cells.Discover nano · 2025Article
- Synergistic anticancer activity of resveratrol-loaded polymeric nanoparticles and sunitinib in colorectal cancer treatment.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Single-cell light-sheet fluorescence 3D images of tumour-stroma spheroid multicultures.Scientific data · 2025Article
- AMPK Knockout Impairs the Formation of Three-Dimensional Spheroids.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Recent studies of the effects of microgravity on cancer cells and the development of 3D multicellular cancer spheroids.Stem cells translational medicine · 2025Review
- Cancer 3D Models: Essential Tools for Understanding and Overcoming Drug Resistance.Oncology research · 2025Review
- Article
- Polymeric Nanoparticles Potentiate the Anticancer Activity of Novel PI3Kα Inhibitors Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor spheroids are one of the well-characterized 3D culture systems bearing close resemblance to the physiological tissue organization and complexity of avascular solid tumor stage with hypoxic core. They hold a wide-spread application in the field of pharmaceutical science and anti-cancer drug research. However, the difficulty in determining optimal technique for the generation of spheroids with uniform size and shape, evaluation of experimental outputs, or mass production often limits their usage in anti-cancer research and in high-throughput drug screening. In recent times, several studies have demonstrated various simple techniques for generating uniform-size 3D spheroids, including the hanging drop (HD), liquid overlay technique (LOT), and microfluidic approaches. Morphological alterations apart from biochemical assays, and staining techniques are suitably employed for the evaluation of experimental outcomes within 3D spheroid models. Morphological alterations in response to effective anti-cancer drug treatment in 3D tumor spheroids such as reduced spheroid size, loss of spheroid compactness and integrity or smooth surface, are highly reliable. These alterations can significantly reduce the need for biochemical assays and staining techniques, resulting in both time and cost savings. The present article specifically covers a variety of available procedures in spheroid generation. For practical applicability, we have supplemented our review study with the generation of glioblastoma U87 spheroids using HD and LOT methods. Additionally, we have also incorporated the outcome of U87 spheroid treatment with doxorubicin on spheroid morphology.
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