ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025
Gestational weight gain patterns as predictors of cesarean deliveries in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Treatment and Outcomes of COVID-19 Infection in Pregnant Women: Systematic Review of Cases Reported in Europe.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundObesity and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) have been linked to an increased risk of cesarean section. However, existing literature primarily focuses on weight gain during individual trimesters, lacking a comprehensive assessment of GWG trajectories across all three trimesters. This study aimed to investigate the impact of pre-pregnancy BMI and changes in GWG trajectories from the first to the third trimester on cesarean section in women with confirmed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
methodsThis retrospective cohort study enrolled 947 women with GDM who delivered between January 2012 and July 2022 in northern Taiwan. GDM was diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during 24-28 weeks of gestation. Body mass index cut-offs were based on Asian-specific guidelines. The weekly GWG rate was based on baseline weight and weight at two follow-up measurements. GWG patterns were identified using group-based trajectory modeling analysis (GBTM).
resultsGestational weight gain patterns were classified into two groups during the pregnancy period: group 1 (non-rapid excessive weight gain) and group 2 (rapid excessive weight gain), comprising 70.2% and 29.8% of participants, respectively. Our study found that being pre-pregnancy underweight and experiencing rapid excessive weight gain contributed to cesarean section. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that pre-pregnancy normal body mass index (OR = 2.06; 95% CI: 1.08-3.92) and being overweight/obese (OR = 4.04; 95%CI: 2.12-7.70) were associated with the incidence of cesarean sections. Multiparous women and women with a trajectory of rapid excessive weight gain were more likely to undergo cesarean sections.
conclusionsHealthcare professionals should provide education on weight management from pre-pregnancy to pregnancy to reduce the incidence of cesarean sections. Particular attention should be paid to women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who exhibit rapid excessive weight gain to minimize the risk of cesarean delivery.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.