Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39870780›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Examining the relationships between self-stigma, loneliness, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation among people with bipolar disorder.

Piotr Świtaj, Paweł Grygiel, Joanna Leciak, Izabela Stefaniak, Sylwia Opozda-Suder, Marta Anczewska

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Addressing the unmet needs of bipolar disorder in Australia and beyond.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Piotr ŚwitajMaria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy in Warsaw, Pl. Żelaznej Bramy 10, 00-136, Warsaw, Poland. piotrswitaj73@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-0805-6696
Paweł GrygielInstitute of Education, Jagiellonian University in Cracow, Kraków, Poland.
Joanna LeciakFirst Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Izabela StefaniakFirst Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Sylwia Opozda-SuderInstitute of Education, Jagiellonian University in Cracow, Kraków, Poland.
Marta AnczewskaFirst Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

People diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD) commonly experience self-stigma, which negatively affects various health outcomes. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the mechanisms through which self-stigma may contribute to suicidality among bipolar patients by investigating the mediating roles of loneliness and depressive symptoms. A total of 140 patients with BD were cross-sectionally assessed with self-report scales measuring self-stigma, loneliness, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation, and with a clinician-rated scale evaluating overall psychopathology. Path analysis was used to analyze the data. Self-stigma was directly related to more severe loneliness, depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts. There were also significant direct effects of loneliness on depressive symptoms and depressive symptoms on suicidal ideation. The direct effect of loneliness on suicidality was non-significant. The following indirect effects on suicidal ideation were found: from self-stigma via depressive symptoms, from loneliness via depressive symptoms and a sequential effect from self-stigma through loneliness and depressive symptoms. Our findings clearly indicate that interventions aiming to reduce the risk of suicide among people with BD should be comprehensive and take into account not only psychiatric symptoms, but also social context and the psychological aspects of living with this diagnosis.

Indexed as

Bipolar DisorderDepressionLonelinessSocial StigmaSuicidal IdeationAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSelf ConceptSelf ReportBipolar disorderDepressionInternalized stigmaLonelinessSuicidality

Identifiers

PMID39870780
PMCPMC11772568

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.