ArticleScientific reports2025
Patients with neurological or psychiatric complications of COVID-19 have worse long-term functional outcomes: COVID-CNS-A multicentre case-control study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Understanding the long-term neurological effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Factors associated with severe neurological sequelae of COVID-19: findings from the multicenter COVID-BRAIN imaging cohort.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Molecular Links Between Metabolism and Mental Health: Integrative Pathways from GDF15-Mediated Stress Signaling to Brain Energy Homeostasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Online46: Online cognitive assessments in elderly cohorts-The British 1946 birth cohort case study.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
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Authors and funding
29 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
It is established that patients hospitalised with COVID-19 often have ongoing morbidity affecting activity of daily living (ADL), employment, and mental health. However, little is known about the relative outcomes in patients with COVID-19 neurological or psychiatric complications. We conducted a UK multicentre case-control study of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 (controls) and those who developed COVID-19 associated acute neurological or psychiatric complications (cases). Among the 651 patients, [362 (55%) cases and 289 (45%) controls], a higher proportion of cases had impairment in ADLs (199 [68.9%] vs 101 [51.8%], OR 2.06, p < 0.0002) and reported symptoms impacting employment (159 [58.2%] vs 69 [35.6%] OR 2.53, p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in the proportion with depression or anxiety between case and control groups overall. For cases, impairment of ADLs was associated with increased risk in female sex, age > 50 years and hypertension (OR 5.43, p < 0.003, 3.11, p = 0.02, 3.66, p = 0.04). Those receiving either statins or angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors had a lower risk of impairment in ADLs (OR 0.09, p = 0.0006, 0.17, p = 0.03). Patients with neurological or psychiatric complications of COVID-19 had worse functional outcomes than those with respiratory COVID-19 alone in terms of ADLs and employment. Female sex, age > 50 years, and hypertension were associated with worse outcomes, and statins or ACE inhibitors with better outcomes.
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