Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39870536›Full record

ArticleAnnals of family medicine2025

Affirmative Action-A Crack in the Door to Higher Education.

Billy Thomas

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of family medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Billy ThomasDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas thomasbillyr@uams.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The impact of the Supreme Court of the United States ruling against race-conscious admissions extends beyond college admissions to professional schools. Based partially on the idea that enough time had elapsed for achievement of the stated goals of affirmative action, the court ruled race-conscious admissions are unconstitutional under the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. The ruling left a crack in the door to higher education, however, allowing students to write an essay showing how race or ethnicity affected their lives. But without guidelines or a standardized approach, admissions committee members' background, personal experiences, and biases could influence evaluations.Historically, Black Indigenous People of Color (BIPOC) have experienced residential segregation. Thus, they are products of poorly funded and understaffed K-12 schools. Grade point average and standardized tests scores are heavily weighted during the admissions process in higher education; however, these metrics largely reflect the attributes of K-12 schools and access to advanced placement and science, technology, engineering, math, and medicine (STEMM) courses. These courses are often lacking in schools with predominantly BIPOC students. We must continue to develop and support K-16 STEMM programs.Higher education institutions must respond to the Supreme Court ruling. Recruitment and retention strategies should encourage, guide, and support students who pursue health care careers. Enhanced admissions processes must include a standardized, unbiased approach in assessing personal essays and the lived experience. Admissions committees should complete implicit bias and cultural humility training. Support and allocation of funds must be provided to maintain training. Safeguards must ensure applicant and institutional legal compliance.

Indexed as

Ethnic and Racial MinoritiesRacismSchool Admission CriteriaBlack or African AmericanHumansSchoolsSupreme Court DecisionsUnited Statesbiasescultural humilityK-16 stem-based programslived experiencespersonal essaysrace conscious admission

Identifiers

PMID39870536
PMCPMC11772031

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.