Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39869214›Full record

ArticleMycorrhiza2025

AM fungus plant colonization rather than an Epichloë endophyte attracts fall armyworm feeding.

Youlei Shen, Jiming Yang, Ziyuan Ma, Yingde Li, Wanqing Dong, Tingyu Duan

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Mycorrhiza, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Toward Sustainable Management ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Youlei ShenState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
Jiming YangState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
Ziyuan MaState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
Yingde LiState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
Wanqing DongState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
Tingyu DuanState Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China. duanty@lzu.edu.cn.

Funding

China Modern Agriculture Research System CARS-22 Green ManureNational Natural Science Foundation of China 32071879
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Most cold-season grasses can be colonized by belowground arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and foliar grass endophytes (Epichloë) simultaneously while also be attacked by insect herbivores. The colonization of AM fungi or the presence of grass endophytes is associated with increased resistance by the host plant. However, studies on how these two symbionts affect host plants and mitigate insect pest attack are currently lacking. In a glasshouse study we investigated the effects of an AM fungus (Acaulospora delicata), a foliar grass endophyte (Epichloë), and the insect pest Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm, FAW) on plant growth, defense enzyme activity, and hormone concentrations of the important pasture grass Lolium perenne. Additionally, we assessed the selective behavior of FAW larvae in response to these interactions using olfactometer tests. Our results showed that the AM fungus and its co-colonization with Epichloë endophytes increased aboveground biomass, while Epichloë endophytes alone had no significant impact on ryegrass aboveground biomass. In contrast, FAW reduced aboveground biomass. The Epichloë endophytes and FAW significantly decreased the mycorrhizal colonization rate by 21.67% and 30.16%, respectively. Interestingly, compared to non-mycorrhizal plants, AM fungus colonized plants were more attractive to FAW larvae feeding, and the defense enzyme activity was not discernibly affected by any experimental treatments. The interactions of the AM fungus and Epichloë endophyte increased the jasmonic acid concentrations by 24.29% and decreased trasylol activity by 11.75% in the host plants under FAW attack. Neither the AM fungus nor Epichloë endophyte influenced the relative growth rate (RGR) of FAW. Overall, the AM fungus had a greater positive effect on plant growth than the Epichloë endophyte, regardless of FAW larvae infestation.

Indexed as

EndophytesEpichloeLoliumMycorrhizaeSpodopteraAnimalsHerbivoryLarvaSymbiosisArbuscular mycorrhizal fungusGrass endophytesLolium perennePlant–microbe interactionsSpodoptera frugiperdaSymbiosis

Identifiers

PMID39869214

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.