ReviewLiver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver2025
Immune-Mediated Liver Injury From Checkpoint Inhibitor: An Evolving Frontier With Emerging Challenges.
Review in Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Journey: From Early Promise to Lasting Impact.Journal of immunotherapy and precision oncology · 2026Review
- Macrophage-CD8medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Hepatic and Pancreatobiliary Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Multidisciplinary Approach.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Immune-related adverse events in hepatocellular carcinoma: organ-specific patterns and management approaches.Journal of liver cancer · 2026Review
- Plasma exchange as potential treatment of severe immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced hepatitis.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- Risk Factors and Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-mediated Hepatotoxicity: Emerging Insights and Future Perspectives.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2026Review
- Longitudinal analysis of genomic and immune differences between primary and metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma for precision oncology.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- From mechanisms to practice: risk management and multidisciplinary decision-making for systemic treatment-related liver injury in HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- RUCAM-ascertained immunology and autoimmunity specifics of six idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury types with refined classification: their individual complex molecular interplay.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Life-threatening immune-related adverse events in the intensive care unit: a narrative review.Intensive care medicine · 2025Review
- Reply to Letter to the Editor "Hepatic irAE, ICI continuation, and survival: need for robust evidence beyond initial observations".Hepatology international · 2025Article
- Genomic medicine in hepatology: mechanisms and liver treatment strategies.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
- Navigating liver toxicity in the age of novel oncological agents.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Review
- High Grade Hepatotoxicity From Dual Checkpoint Inhibitors Is More Common in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Than Other Cancers.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- Development of a Predictive Model for Classifying Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Liver Injury Types.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Article
- Real-world study on adverse drug reactions of pembrolizumab in endometrial cancer treatment: insights from the FAERS database.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Sesamoside Alleviates Inflammatory Response in Septic Shock-Associated Acute Liver Injury by Modulating the NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathway.Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the past decade, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed the treatment of cancer, though they come with the risk of immune-related adverse (irAEs) events such as hepatotoxicity or Immune-mediated Liver Injury from Checkpoint Inhibitors (ILICI). ILICI is a serious irAE that, when severe, requires cessation of ICI and initiation of immunosuppression. Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTLs) play a central role in ILICI; however, they are just part of the picture as immunotherapy broadly impacts all aspects of the immune microenvironment and can directly and indirectly activate innate and adaptive immune cells. Clinically, as our understanding of this entity grows, we encounter new challenges. The presentation of ILICI is heterogeneous with respect to latency, pattern of injury (hepatitis vs. cholangitis) and severity. This review focuses on our knowledge regarding risk factors, presentation and treatment of ILICI including ILICI refractory to steroids. An emerging topic, the possibility of rechallenge while accepting some risk, in patients who experience ILICI but require immunotherapy, is also discussed. This review provides an update on the current knowns and unknowns in ILICI and highlights several knowledge gaps where studies are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.