ArticlePakistan journal of medical sciences2025
Emergence of Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase producing
Article in Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: From an Invisible Impact to a Visible Change in Complex Care.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance of Uropathogens in a Tertiary Care Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A One-Year Retrospective Analysis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Longitudinal trends in antibiotic resistance ofPakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- High ceftazidime-avibactam resistance rate in carbapenem-resistant gram-negative organisms in Pakistan's pediatric population.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Methods: Retrospective analysis of susceptibility data of Results: A total of 5169 patients with uncomplicated cystitis with no history of renal disease, pregnancy, hospitalization, catheterization and no elderly or pediatric population were included, 76% of which were of females. Mean age was 37 ±11 years Rising trends of resistance were observed in ampicillin (86.3%-95.3%), cotrimoxazole (12.8-48.6%), ciprofloxacin (57.3-81.6%) and low rates of resistance were seen in fosfomycin (0.57-2.96%), nitrofurantoin (0.72-2.96%) and amikacin (2.09-3.15%). Presence of ESBL and emerging resistance to ceftriaxone (15.7-48.7%), piperacillin/tazobactam (0-4.84%) and carbapenems (0-0.39%) was observed. Conclusion: The national guidelines offer an empirical treatment regimen for patients with uncomplicated cystitis. However, regional variations in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) complicate adherence to these guidelines. Our study supports the use of fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin in management of uncomplicated cystitis, However, ongoing annual regional surveillance is essential to keep clinicians informed about the latest trends in AMR.
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