ArticleFrontiers in public health2024
Is there an association of blood cadmium level with nonmelanoma skin cancer: results from a cross-sectional study.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is a common malignancy that starts in the top layer of the skin. Exposure to heavy metals has been suggested to increase the risk of skin cancer. Cadmium, prevalent in various industries and present in cigarette smoke, has been implicated in potential skin effects in animal studies. However, the impact of chronic cadmium exposure on NMSC development remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between blood cadmium levels and the odds of NMSC. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, covering the years 1999-2000 to 2017-2018. NMSC cases were identified through self-reported physician diagnoses. We assessed the association between blood cadmium levels-considered as both a continuous variable and in quartiles-and the odds of NMSC using multivariable logistic regression models. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were incorporated to estimate the non-linear relationship between cadmium levels and NMSC. Results: The study included 41,577 participants, with 952 reporting NMSC and 40,625 without any cancers. No association was found between cadmium levels and NMSC when analyzed as either a continuous or quartile variable. However, RCS revealed an inverted U-shaped curve indicating a relationship between blood cadmium levels and NMSC odds. This pattern persisted when focusing exclusively on non-Hispanic White participants. Conclusion: A statistically significant relationship was observed between blood cadmium levels and the odds of NMSC, though the increased odds were only evident at low cadmium levels. Further research is necessary to investigate the causality and underlying mechanisms involved.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.