ArticleJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2025
Descriptive Epidemiology and Prognostic Significance of Diaphragm Thickness in the General Population: The Nagahama Study.
Article in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Prognostic Significance of the Estimated Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Predicting the Incidence of Coronary Artery Disease: The Nagahama Study and Shizuoka Kokuho Database Study.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2026Article
- Chlamydia pneumoniae Seropositivity is Associated with Cardiovascular Events in the General Population: The Nagahama Study.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2026Article
- Review
- Advancements in imaging techniques for monitoring the respiratory muscles.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundDiaphragm thickness is a potential marker of sarcopenia in addition to muscle mass and strength at extremities. We aimed to clarify the descriptive epidemiology and prognostic significance of diaphragm thickness in the general population.
methodsThe study participants were 3324 community residents (mean age: 61.4 ± 12.8 years) who participated in a longitudinal cohort study. Clinical parameters were obtained during the follow-up survey of the study population. Diaphragm thickness was measured from B-mode ultrasound images obtained in a supine position. Clinical and physical factors independently associated with diaphragm thickness were assessed by a linear regression model and a causal mediation analysis. All-cause mortality was determined by reviewing residential registry records. Prognostic significance of diaphragm thickness for all-cause mortality was examined using a Cox proportional hazard model analysis.
resultsDiaphragm thickness was greater in men than women (end-expiration, β = 0.161, p < 0.001; end-inspiration, β = 0.156, p < 0.001) and associated with waist circumference (end-expiration, β = 0.259, p < 0.001; end-inspiration, β = 0.128, p < 0.001). Handgrip strength, smoking habit, insulin resistance and exercise habit were not associated with diaphragm thickness. Skeletal muscle mass index showed apparent association with diaphragm thickness, though this association was not observed after adjusting for waist circumference. Over a mean follow-up of 1686 days (15 358 person-years), there were 56 cases of all-cause mortality. Weak handgrip strength (hazard ratio = 0.95, p = 0.044) and low forced vital capacity (hazard ratio = 0.57, p = 0.045) were associated with all-cause mortality, though none of the diaphragm thickness parameters showed a significant association (thickness at end-expiration, p = 0.722; thickness at end-inspiration, p = 0.277; thickening fraction, p = 0.219).
conclusionsWaist circumference but not parameters of sarcopenia was independently associated with diaphragm thickness. Diaphragm thickness was not associated with all-cause mortality. Diaphragm thickness may not be a marker of systemic sarcopenia.
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