Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39863787›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

A machine learning model the prediction of athlete engagement based on cohesion, passion and mental toughness.

Xin Zhang, Zhikang Lin, Song Gu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Observational
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Xin Zhang *College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China.
Zhikang Lin *Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
Song GuCollege of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China. lhgusong@zjnu.edu.cn.

Funding

Zhejiang Provincial Philosophy and Social Sciences Work Office 23NDJC118YB
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Athlete engagement is influenced by several factors, including cohesion, passion and mental toughness. Machine learning methods are frequently employed to construct predictive models as a result of their high efficiency. In order to comprehend the effects of cohesion, passion and mental toughness on athlete engagement, this study utilizes the relevant methods of machine learning to construct a prediction model, so as to find the intrinsic connection between them. The construction and comparison methods of predictive models by machine learning algorithms are investigated to evaluate the level of predictive models in order to determine the optimal predictive model. The results show that the PSO-SVR model performs best in predicting athlete engagement, with a prediction accuracy of 0.9262, along with low RMSE (0.1227), MSE (0.0146) and MAE (0.0656). The prediction accuracy of the PSO-SVR model exhibits an obvious advantage. This advantage is mainly attributed to its strong generalization ability, nonlinear processing ability, and the ability to optimize and adapt to the feature space. Particularly noteworthy is that the PSO-SVR model reduces the RMSE (7.54%), MSE (17.05%), and MAE (3.53%) significantly, while improves the R

Indexed as

AthletesAthletic PerformanceMachine LearningAlgorithmsHumansAthlete engagementMachine learningPrediction model

Identifiers

PMID39863787
PMCPMC11763253

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.