Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39863747›Full record

ArticleTherapeutic innovation & regulatory science2025

Basic Considerations for Data Pooling Strategy in Multi-Regional Clinical Trials (MRCTs).

Jiali Song, Chen Ji, Meng Chen, Jun Dong, Chao Zhu, Haiyan Wu, Wei Zhang, Kezhou Zhang, Bing Yu, Yun Wang and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jiali SongDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Chen JiSanofi China, Beijing, China.
Meng ChenAstraZeneca, Shanghai, China.
Jun DongAmgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
Chao ZhuLilly China Drug Development and Medical Affairs Center, Shanghai, China.
Haiyan WuMSD R&D China, Beijing, China.
Wei ZhangBoehringer Ingelheim China, Shanghai, China.
Kezhou ZhangNovo Nordisk China, Beijing, China.
Bing YuR&D-Based Pharmaceutical Association Committee (RDPAC), Beijing, China.
Yun WangR&D-Based Pharmaceutical Association Committee (RDPAC), Beijing, China.
Hua ZhangR&D-Based Pharmaceutical Association Committee (RDPAC), Beijing, China.
Fan JiaKey Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Lymphoma, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China.
Yan HouDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. houyan@bjmu.edu.cn.

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2021YFF0901401
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The National Medical Products Administration of China has been implementing ICH E17, which describes the general principles for planning and designing of multi-regional clinical trials (MRCTs), yet there are several ambiguities in the execution and conduct remains in China or East Asia. In specific, pooling strategy, effect modifiers (EMs), statistical analysis, sample size allocation and their impact in alignment with global trial remains a challenge. In this paper, we explore on the criteria mentioned above under the context of China. EMs need to be determined and identified from intrinsic and extrinsic factors which might have the impact to the drug on specific populations. If no EMs are found, we use pooling by regions to understand whether differences across East Asian population exists, and whether pooling by East Asian is necessary. Statistical models used in the analysis are also listed to estimate the drug effect in pooled populations. In summary, this paper outlines the details of the MRCTs practices in China and provides better insights in practice both domestically and internationally for any future improvements.

Indexed as

Clinical Trials as TopicMulticenter Studies as TopicResearch DesignChinaHumansModels, StatisticalPooled TestingSample SizeEffect modifierICH E17Pooling strategySample size allocation

Identifiers

PMID39863747
PMCPMC11880086

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.