Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39862757›Full record

ArticleNursing outlook

The effect of registered nurse staffing and skill mix on length of stay and hospital costs.

Yin Li, Linda H Aiken, Edmund R Becker, Omid Razmpour, Patti Landerfelt, Yu Jin Kang, Jeannie P Cimiotti

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nursing outlook. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Emergency for dermatologic wards?Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yin LiNell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA. Electronic address: yin.li@emory.edu.
Linda H AikenCenter for Health Outcomes and Policy Research, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Edmund R BeckerHealth Policy and Management, Emory School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA.
Omid RazmpourNell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
Patti LanderfeltNell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
Yu Jin KangByrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA.
Jeannie P CimiottiNell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.

Funding

ADVANCED TRAINING IN NURSING OUTCOMES RESEARCHT32NR007104 · NINR · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI JACQUELINE MARGO BROOKS CARTHON, EILEEN T LAKE · 1999 to 2026
$11.6M
The Impact of Changes in Nursing Systems and Models of Care on Patient Outcomes: A Panel StudyR01NR014855 · NINR · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Matthew D. McHugh · 2014 to 2026
$7.5M
AHRQ HHS R01 HS026232NINR NIH HHS R01 NR014855NINR NIH HHS T32 NR007104ODCDC CDC HHS R01 CD000033
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSepsis is a common cause of hospitalization among Medicare beneficiaries, often leading to prolonged hospital stays and high costs. PURPOSE: To estimate the impact of registered nurse (RN) staffing and skill mix on hospital lengths of stay and associated costs for Medicare beneficiaries with sepsis.

methodsA retrospective, cross-sectional analysis was conducted using 2018 data from 2,107 acute care hospitals, including 653,496 patients with sepsis.

findingsA one-unit increase in RN hours per patient day and a 1% increase in RN skill mix reduced hospital stays by 2% and 1%, respectively. Enhancing staffing to nine RN hours per patient day and an 80% RN skill mix could save 63,580 inpatient days annually, reducing costs by $152.9 million. Further increases to 11 RN hours and an 85% skill mix could save $331.9 million. DISCUSSION: Better RN staffing and skill mix can improve patient outcomes and yield significant cost savings.

Indexed as

Clinical CompetenceHospital CostsLength of StayNursing Staff, HospitalPersonnel Staffing and SchedulingAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMedicareRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesAcute inpatient careHealth care costsHospitalsMedicareNursing

Identifiers

PMID39862757
PMCPMC12058405

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.