ArticleACS nano2025
Photosensitive Hybrid γδ-T Exosomes for Targeted Cancer Photoimmunotherapy.
Article in ACS nano, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Overcoming Biophysical Barriers in Melanoma Photomedicine: From Photodynamic Therapy to Smart Nanodelivery and Photoimmunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles for next-gen therapeutics and drug delivery.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles in solid tumors: from tumor ecology to engineered therapeutics.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Novel insights into extracellular vesicles: An update on biomolecules, immunomodulation and clinical strategies in skin melanoma.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Light-Controlled Membrane Fusion in Synthetic Cells.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- From immune desert to hot tumor: the tripartite synergy of tumor microenvironment-exosomes-immunogenic cell death in pioneering solutions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Strategies, Challenges and Application Prospects for Exosome Engineering Modifications in Tumor Targeted Therapeutics.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Targeted Nanoboron Delivery Platform for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy in Refractory Solid Tumors.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Revolutionizing cancer treatment: engineering mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Exosome-Mediated Strategies for Melanoma Eradication: A Comprehensive Review.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Exo-nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy: reprogramming the tumor immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Smart nanocarriers for cancer: harnessing exosomes and lipid systems in photodynamic and immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Liposome-mediated macrophage reprogramming: emerging strategies for chronic disease therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Mechanisms and Applications of γδ T Cells in Anti-Tumor Immunity.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancers. Traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy have limited effectiveness and can lead to systemic side effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photoresponsive cancer therapy based on photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eradicate tumor cells. Our previous study showed that exosomes derived from human γδ-T cells (γδ-T exosomes) could control Epstein-Barr virus-associated tumors. Here, we combined γδ-T exosomes and PDT for targeted photoimmunotherapy by membrane fusion of γδ-T exosomes and Chlorin e6 (Ce6)-loaded liposomes. The functional surface proteins, such as CCR5 and PD-1, on the hybrid exosomes mediated the specific binding of hybrid exosomes toward melanoma tissues. The cytolytic molecules, such as granzyme A, granzyme B, perforin, and granulysin from γδ-T exosomes, induced specific apoptosis of cancer cells without harming normal cells. In response to light irradiation, ROS generation inside melanoma cells synergized with cytolytic molecules to induce apoptosis and promote immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD). The subsequently released damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) could stimulate human dendritic cell maturation and induce melanoma antigen-specific CD4
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.